Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in the female population of Russia. Postmenopausal breast cancer is associated with obesity. The article presents data on the significant effect of fat tissue on the risk factors for breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of dual RAAS blockage during treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in combination with a direct renin inhibitor (PIR) aliskiren versus combination therapy with ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blocker II (ARB) valsartan in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity, without renal dysfunction. Materials and methods. The study included 26 patients with T2DM (10 men and 16 women, mean age 59,0±6,2 years) with inadequate control of blood pressure (over 130 and/or 80 mm Hg) on prior antihypertensive therapy and without renal dysfunctions (glomerular filtration rate (GFR)> 60 ml/min/1, 73 m2 and the of albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio in the morning urine sample <10 mg/mol). After screening with the continuation of the initial therapy, including ACE inhibitors, 14 patients were added aliskiren 150–300 mg/day, 12 patients – valsartan 80–160 mg/day. Evaluation of the treatment effectiveness in terms of blood pressure (mean of three consecutive measurements in the sitting position) and the parameters of renal function (serum creatinine and potassium, GFR, A/C ratio in the urine) was performed at 4, 12 and 24 weeks of therapy. Results. In the group of patients treated with aliskiren, after 4 weeks of treatment a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) was noted as compared to baseline: 146,1 and 138,9 mm Hg, p<0,05, 87,1 and 81,1 mm Hg, p <0,05, respectively; with systolic BP after 24 weeks of treatment decreased to 127,8 (-18,2 mm Hg), p<0,05, diastolic BP to 75,0 (-12, 1 mm Hg), p<0,05, the target blood pressure (≤130/80 mm Hg) was achieved in 83% of patients. The group of patients treated with valsartan, after 4 weeks of therapy showed a significant reduction in systolic BP 148 and 141,6 mm Hg, p <0,05, diastolic BP - to 85,8 and 81,7 mm Hg, p=0,059; after 24 weeks systolic BP decreased to 128,7 (-19,3 mm Hg), p=0,05, diastolic BP – to 77,5 (-8,3 mm Hg), p=0,07, the target blood pressure was achieved in 78% of patients. When monitoring the safety of therapy in terms of potassium, serum creatinine, GFR, and A/C urine ratio statistically significant differences between the groups at 4, 12, 24 weeks of treatment were observed. Conclusion. Results of the study demonstrate the efficacy and safety of dual RAAS blockage in patients with T2DM and obesity with no prior renal impairment.

The aim of the study was to compare clinical, laboratory and morphological parameters in patients with abdominal obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and assessing the relationship between the degree of severity, stage NAFLD and cardiometabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The present study examined the content of adiponectin and rates of glucose and lipid metabolism in obese patients at different stages of NAFLD. According to the study, morphologically NAFLD was confirmed in 95.2% of patients. NAFLD was associated with various cardiometabolic disorders (dyslipidemia, disorders of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance), growing in frequency and severity with the progression NAFLD; and low levels of adiponectin decreasing with a deterioration NAFLD.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the association of gene polymorphisms of leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), insulin-induced gene, and the parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, level of C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with anthropometric data. A total of 95 patients with T2DM of Azerbaijan population. The average age at the time of the survey was 50,4±0,51 years. Duration of the disease was 5,8±1,5 years. We found that patients with T2DM and obesity in the Azerbaijan population have most common polymorphism of insulin-induced gene in the homozygous form (GG), a mutant version of the gene in heterozygous form of leptin, adiponectin gene mutant variant in homozygous form and the normal version of the gene TNF-α in homozygous form. In 47.3% of cases there was a high level of CRP, a linear body mass index with normal homozygous GG allele of the TNF-a gene , insulin-induced gene, and a mutant version of the adiponectin and leptin genes.

Genetic aspects of familial isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA) are expanding rapidly in the last few years. Around 20% of these FIPA families have been identified to have mutations within the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene. The number of identified AIP-positive FIPA families is increasing all over the world.

Discussionты for the article "Low-Dose Zoledronate in Osteopenic Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial" (Grey A. et al., 2012).