Cardiorehabilitation of metabolic syndrome in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT: Metabolic syndrome-related diseases account for two-thirds of non-communicable disease deaths, most of which may begin early in life. The pro-inflammatory environment observed in obese MS patients may contribute to immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients, including suboptimal immune responses, hyperinflammation, microvascular dysfunction, and thrombosis. Exercise may be a key intervention to reduce inflammation in obese COVID-19 patients as it may reduce adipocyte number and size, as well as inflammatory response and cytokine expression associated with excess adipose tissue-mediated immune dysregulation. Given the increasing number of people with metabolic syndrome and the significance of this pathology in the context of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the importance of physical activity in the treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of cardiometabolic risk factors, it is necessary to consider the main aspects of the pathogenesis of MS, the features of rehabilitation strategies in patients with metabolic syndrome and obesity with the consequences of previous NVI. The aim of the review was to search, summarize and discuss the available literature data on the development and pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in the long-term post-COVID period, as well as systematize the available methods of cardiac rehabilitation in this category of people.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search and selection of literary sources was carried out in the system of published research in scientific databases cyberleninka.ru, elibrary.ru, link.springer.com, frontiersin.org, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Web of Science, Google Scholar and others.

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