ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet13203ometendo-13203Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSОсобенности кардиореабилитации метаболического синдрома в условиях последствий пандемии COVID-19Cardiorehabilitation of metabolic syndrome in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemichttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2134-4107АвдееваК. С.AvdeevaK. S.

Авдеева Ксения Сергеевна, врач-кардиолог, к.м.н., научный руководитель лаборатории реабилитации и профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний научного отдела клинической лаборатории 

Researcher ID: J-1751-2017

Scopus Author ID: 57210713674

625026, ул. Мельникайте, д. 111

Ksenia S. Avdeeva

Researcher ID: J-1751-2017

Scopus Author ID: 57210713674

111 Melnikaite street, 625026 Tyumen

avdeeva_03@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6251-4179ПетелинаТ. И.PetelinaT. I.

Петелина Татьяна Ивановна, д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник отделения артериальной гипертонии и коронарной недостаточности научного отдела клинической лаборатории 

Researcher ID: I-8913-2017

Scopus Author ID: 6507194861

Томск

Tatiana I. Petelina, MD

Researcher ID: I-8913-2017

Scopus Author ID: 6507194861

Tomsk

petelina@infarkta.nethttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-4898-6089ГорбачевскийА. В.GorbachevskiiA. V.

Горбачевский Александр Владимирович, м.н.с. лаборатории реабилитации и профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний научного отдела клинической лаборатории 

Томск

Aleksandr V. Gorbachevskii

Tomsk

GorbachevskijAV@infarkta.nethttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8155-3779ШароянЮ. А.SharoyanYu. A.

Шароян Юлия Андреевна, заведующая отделением реабилитации, м.н.с. лаборатории реабилитации и профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний научного отдела клинической лаборатории 

Томск

Yulia A. Sharoyan

Tomsk

SharoyanUA@infarkta.nethttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0466-7059РедькинаИ. Н.RedkinaI. N.

Редькина Ирина Николаевна, врач-эндокринолог,  м.н.с. лаборатории реабилитации и профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний научного отдела клинической лаборатории 

Томск

Irina N. Redkina

Tomsk

irina.redk@mail.ruТюменский кардиологический научный центр, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр РАНРоссияTyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Of The Russian Academy Of SciencesRussian Federation202509122025223229236Copyright © Авдеева К.С., Петелина Т.И., Горбачевский А.В., Шароян Ю.А., Редькина И.Н., 20252025Авдеева К.С., Петелина Т.И., Горбачевский А.В., Шароян Ю.А., Редькина И.Н.Avdeeva K.S., Petelina T.I., Gorbachevskii A.V., Sharoyan Y.A., Redkina I.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13203

На заболевания, связанные с метаболическим синдромом, приходится две трети смертей от неинфекционных заболеваний, большинство из которых могут начинаться еще в раннем возрасте. Провоспалительная среда, наблюдаемая у пациентов с МС при ожирении, может способствовать нарушению иммунной регуляции у пациентов с  COVID 19, включая неоптимальные иммунные реакции, гипервоспаление, микрососудистую дисфункцию и  тромбоз. Физические упражнения могут быть одной из ключевых мер по уменьшению воспаления у  лиц с COVID-19, страдающих ожирением, поскольку могут снизить количество и размер адипоцитов, а также воспалительную реакцию и экспрессию цитокинов, связанные с нарушением иммунной регуляции, опосредованной избытком жировой ткани. С учетом увеличения количества людей с метаболическим синдромом и значимости данной патологии в контексте последствий пандемии COVID-19, а также с учетом важности физической активности в лечении, реабилитации и профилактики факторов кардиометаболического риска, необходимо рассмотреть основные аспекты патогенеза МС, особенности реабилитационных стратегий у пациентов с метаболическим синдромом и ожирением с последствиями перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции (НКВИ). Целью обзора стал поиск, обобщение и обсуждение имеющихся литературных данных по развитию и патогенезу метаболического синдрома в длительном постковидном периоде, а также систематизация имеющихся методов кардиореабилитации у данной категории лиц.

Материалы и методы. Поиск и отбор литературных источников осуществлялся в системе опубликованных исследований в научных базах cyberleninka.ru, elibrary.ru, link.springer.com, frontiersin.org, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Web of Science, Google Scholar и других.

Metabolic syndrome-related diseases account for two-thirds of non-communicable disease deaths, most of which may begin early in life. The pro-inflammatory environment observed in obese MS patients may contribute to immune dysregulation in COVID-19 patients, including suboptimal immune responses, hyperinflammation, microvascular dysfunction, and thrombosis. Exercise may be a key intervention to reduce inflammation in obese COVID-19 patients as it may reduce adipocyte number and size, as well as inflammatory response and cytokine expression associated with excess adipose tissue-mediated immune dysregulation. Given the increasing number of people with metabolic syndrome and the significance of this pathology in the context of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the importance of physical activity in the treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of cardiometabolic risk factors, it is necessary to consider the main aspects of the pathogenesis of MS, the features of rehabilitation strategies in patients with metabolic syndrome and obesity with the consequences of previous NVI. The aim of the review was to search, summarize and discuss the available literature data on the development and pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in the long-term post-COVID period, as well as systematize the available methods of cardiac rehabilitation in this category of people.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search and selection of literary sources was carried out in the system of published research in scientific databases cyberleninka.ru, elibrary.ru, link.springer.com, frontiersin.org, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Web of Science, Google Scholar and others.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.