The role of intestinal microbiota and endotoxemia in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and metabolic disorders (REVIEW)

Arterial hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity, and lifestyle and diet play an important role both in the pathogenesis of hypertension and in the development of concomitant metabolic disorders, including atherosclerosis, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nature of nutrition and the development of hypertension with metabolic disorders are largely related to the intestinal microbiota, the products of its metabolism and low-intensity non-septic endotoxemia, which can develop as a background condition. Conscious manipulation of the composition and metabolites of the intestinal microbiota and intestinal wall permeability through dietary strategies can be considered as one of the approaches in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and metabolic disorders. The aim of the review was to search, summarize and discuss real literature data on the role of intestinal microbiota and endotoxemia in the pathogenesis of the development of arterial hypertension and the atherosclerotic process, as well as to systematize data on the effect of diet on intestinal microbiota in individuals of this category. Materials and methods: the search and selection of literary sources was carried out in systemic studies in the scientific databases cyberleninka.ru, elibrary.ru, link.springer.com, frontiersin. org, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Web of Science, Google Scholar and others.

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