Type 2 diabetes is difficult to manage and multiple therapeutic approach are usually needed. Moreover, addition to the initial
treatment of most currently available oral antidiabetic agents increases the risk of hypoglycaemia and causes a weight gain. Dipeptidyl
peptidase-IV inhibitors improve glycaemic control by increasing pancreatic beta cell responsiveness to glucose and suppressing inappropriate
glucagon secretion. This article summarizes the data from randomized clinical trial in which efficacy and safety of vildagliptin were
assessed.

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease of unexplained feeling of profound fatigue lasting for more than 6 months. This fatigue is
not relieved even after prolonged rest and is exacerbated after physical or mental work. More than 3000 scientific studies had proved that
chronic fatigue syndrome is not a form of depression or hypochondria. It is a real somatic illness that results in professional, social and
individual desadaptation. This article summarizes the contemporary etiological conceptions of this condition.

The article covers the issues of epidemiology, considering the classification of obesity, the risks of development of various somatic diseases related to overweight and obesity. The results of clinical studies of orlistat use in the treatment of obese patients are reported.

The object of the study was to assess the prevalence of prothrombotic alterations in coagulant and anticoagulant systems among
postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome and to determine the associations between these abnormalities and main anthropometric
measures and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism. Cross-sectional observational study included 55 postmenopausal women
(age 45-65) with metabolic syndrome. Coagulant system was assessed by measurement of parameters of plasma haemostasis (prothrombin
index, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), thrombin time, fibrinogen concentration), and the activities of coagulant factors
VII (FVII) and VIII (FVIII) in plasma. In order to investigate the functioning of anticoagulant system the activities of antithrombin III
and anticoagulant system of protein C were measured. Prothrombotic alterations were observed in 81,5% women. The APTT was decreased
in 14,5%, hyperfibrinogenemia was revealed in 42,6%, the increased activity of FVII - in 50,9%, and the decreased activity
of protein C system - in 23,9%. There were a significant positive associations between some of revealed prothrombotic alterations and
anthropometric and biochemical markers of visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome (parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism).
There were no any associations between haemostatic indices and age. In conclusion, there is an evidence of high prevalence of different
prothrombotic alterations in coagulant and anticoagulant systems among postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic
syndrome in postmenopause is associated with the development of prothrombotic state independently of age.

It is known that low body mass index is a statistically significant predictor of death rate in patients with COPD. The purpose of
our research comprised in evaluation of peculiarities of respiratory function parameters in patients with COPD and metabolic syndrome
depending on body mass index. All patients were divided into groups: those who have only COPD, those who have combination of COPD
and metabolic syndrome, they were subdivided into 3 subgroups, depending on body mass index (with normal body mass index, excess
body mass index, and obesity). As a result of the research, it was found out that emphysematous respiratory disorders prevailed among
patients with COPD and normal body mass index. Symptoms of obstructive bronchitis were found in patients with combination of COPD
and metabolic syndrome, and excess body mass index values.

The aim of this study was to investigate the trends of feeding behavior in young men with obesity which was diagnosed at the
time of puberty. For this we used the Holland questionnaire DEBQ, to assess level of depression - Beck's depression scale, for evaluation
situational and individual anxiety - psychological testing "Integrative anxiety test". Long term duration of obesity was associated with
more prominent emotional, external and restrictive behavior. This was accompanied also with higher rates of depression. Only restrictive
feeding behavior was found to avert lasting weight loss. The formation of proper feeding behavior is to be initiated as earlier as possible at
the treatment.

This article presents data on tissue sensitivity to insulin, type of change in antioxidant-prooxidant system and membrane structure of
erythrocytes in 30 patients from 20 to 58 years of age with metabolic syndrome who received a preparation of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty
acids. After 3 months of treatment with omacor we revealed the increase in the tissue insulin sensitivity, lowering of the free radical activity,
normalization of antioxidant enzyme activity and erythrocytes membranes stabilization.

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) - a severe disease with disturbance of arginine vasopressin secretion, with excretion of large
amounts of hypotonic urine, which leads to dehydration and thirst. Desmopressin, a synthetic analog of arginine vasopressin, is used to
compensate a water-electrolyte balance in patients with CDI is available in forms of intranasal spray and tablets. Herein we present a
clinical case of a patient with longstanding CDI due to Langerhans cell hystiocytosis in childhood who received different medications
for treatment of CDI symptoms that demonstrates variable efficiency and tolerance of these drugs.

In this article we describe a clinical case of primary hyperparathyroidism, gout tophus and diabetes mellitus type 2. The relationship
between hyperuricemia and hypercalcemia linked to primary hyperparathyroidism is discussed.