Metabolic endotoxemia: possible causes and consequences
https://doi.org/10.14341/omet12750
Abstract
This review article presents data from the literature, which provide an idea of the relationship between metabolic disorders occurring against the background of obesity and endotoxinemia, as well as the effect of these conditions on the maintenance of low-grade inflammation in the body. A description of the hormonal and immune restructuring of white adipose tissue, the main routes of entry and metabolism of endotoxin is given. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of the mutual influence of obesity and endotoxinemia. Described by Yakovlev M.Yu. in 1988 «endotoxin aggression» and Cani P.D. et al. in 2007, «metabolic endotoxinemia», in our opinion, is one of the most important triggers for the development and progression of a whole spectrum of acute and chronic diseases. Based on the data of recent years, adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ capable of influencing both metabolic processes and the state of innate and acquired immune defense mechanisms. It has now been proven that high-calorie diets lead not only to an increase in overweight, but also to an increase in the level of endotoxin circulating in the blood. An in-depth study of the ability of obesity and endotoxinemia to potentiate the mutual pro-inflammatory effect can help both in understanding the pathogenesis of the main cardiovascular, autoimmune, allergic and infectious (including viral) diseases, and in the development of methods for non-pharmacological and drug correction of these conditions.
About the Authors
V. A. Beloglazov
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, S.I. Georgievsky Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir A. Beloglazov, MD, PhD, Professor
Simferopol
I. A. Yatskov
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, S.I. Georgievsky Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Igor A. Yatskov, MD; Scopus Author ID: 57218873902; eLibrary SPIN: 2395-5710
Simferopol
E. D. Kumelsky
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, S.I. Georgievsky Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgeny D. Kumelsky, postgraduate student
Simferopol
V. V. Polovinkina
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, S.I. Georgievsky Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Valeria V. Polovinkina, student
Simferopol
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Supplementary files
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1. Figure 1. Changes in the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines and cytokines in obesity. | |
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2. Figure 2. The main routes of LPS metabolism. | |
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Beloglazov V.A., Yatskov I.A., Kumelsky E.D., Polovinkina V.V. Metabolic endotoxemia: possible causes and consequences. Obesity and metabolism. 2021;18(3):320-326. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/omet12750
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