Витамин D и метаболизм: факты, мифы и предубеждения

Витамин D необходим для широкого спектра физиологических процессов и оптимального состояния здоровья. В детстве и юности адекватные уровни витамина D нужны для обеспечения роста клеток, формирования скелета и роста. Витамин D является жирорастворимым витамином, который содержится в очень немногих продуктах питания. Основным источником его являются обогащенные продукты и биологически активные добавки к пище. Витамин D вырабатывается в организме, когда ультрафиолетовое излучение попадает на кожу. Адекватное потребление и статус витамина D во многом зависят от возраста, сопутствующих заболеваний и использования некоторых лекарственных препаратов и подробно освещены в данной статье. Последние эпидемиологические и экспериментальные данные показали, что низкий уровень витамина D тесно связан с уровнем общей смертности, сердечно-сосудистыми и онкологическими заболеваниями (в основном молочной железы, простаты и толстого кишечника), артериальной гипертензией, метаболическим синдромом, сахарным диабетом 1 и 2 типов. Тем не менее, данные, подтверждающие защитный эффект витамина D помимо заболеваний костной ткани, таких как рахит, остеопороз и остеомаляция, не обладают высокой достоверностью, поэтому только проводимые в настоящее время крупные контролируемые клинические испытания позволят дать ответы на эти вопросы.

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