Риск метаболического синдрома и питание населения

В представленном обзоре литературы рассмотрены современные данные эпидемиологических исследований роли питания в распространенности метаболического синдрома. Были проанализированы, в основном,  работы по изучению связи определенных типов фактического питания населения с риском метаболического синдрома в ряде западных и азиатских странах. Целью таких исследований было определение условно «хорошего» типа и «плохого» типа питания населения, оценка рисков нарушений метаболического обмена и определение  оптимальных рекомендаций по диетам. Применение факторного и кластерного анализов позволило в ряде работ выявить группы продуктов, связанных со снижением распространенности метаболического синдрома и оценить величину отношения шансов метаболического синдрома при сравнении с «плохой» диетой. В ряде работ получены подтверждения эффективности Средиземноморской диеты в профилактике метаболических нарушений. Приверженность традиционной западной диеты связано с ухудшением показателей здоровья,  по сравнению с рекомендованной «здоровой» диетой. Данные эпидемиологических исследований питания и нарушений метаболизма, связанных с рядом заболеваний, могут быть полезными в определении как рекомендаций по оптимальному типу питания населения, так и в определении путей дальнейших исследований.

питание, метаболический синдром, популяционные исследования

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