Metabolic properties of irisin in health and in diabetes mellitus
https://doi.org/10.14341/omet12899
Abstract
Irisin is a polypeptide hormone of muscle tissue (myokine), the synthesis and secretion of which increase against the background of physical exertion, which plays a significant role in the metabolism of fat, muscle and bone tissues. It is known that irisin promotes the transformation of white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue. It has also been experimentally proven that the introduction of irisin contributed to an increase in bone mass and the prevention of osteoporosis and muscular atrophy. There are works indicating a positive effect of irisin in the functioning of bone, fat and muscle tissues in humans. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for osteoporotic fractures and the development of specific diabetic myopathy, at the cellular level similar to the aging of muscle tissue, and type 2 diabetes is also associated with the presence of obesity. Thus, it is of particular interest to study the effect of irisin on the state of bone, muscle and adipose tissues and glucose homeostasis in patients with diabetes. This literature review highlights the biological functions of irisin in healthy people and patients with DM.
About the Authors
F. M. Radugin
Almazov National Medical Research Centre
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Fyodor M. Radugin, MD, postgraduate student
194021, Saint-Petersburg, 15 Parkhomenko Avenue
eLibrary SPIN: 7043-3620
N. V. Timkina
Almazov National Medical Research Centre
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia V. Timkina, MD
Saint-Petersburg
eLibrary SPIN: 6259-7745
T. L. Karonova
Almazov National Medical Research Centre
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatiana L. Karonova, MD, PhD
Saint-Petersburg
eLibrary SPIN: 3337-4071
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Supplementary files
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1. Figure 1. 3D model of the FNDC5 protein, which is a precursor of irisin (by Schumacher, M.A., Ohashi, T., Shah, R.S., Chinnam, N., Erickson, H., https://www.sinobiological.com/resource/irisin- fndc5/proteins). | |
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2. Figure 2. Extraskeletal effects of irisin (adapted from Ma C, Ding H, Deng Y, Liu H, Xiong X, Yang Y. Irisin: A New Code Uncover the Relationship of Skeletal Muscle and Cardiovascular Health During Exercise. Front Physiol. 2021;12: 620608. Published 2021 Feb 1. doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.620608 with changes and additions). PGC1α is a co-activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma 1-alpha, FNDC5 is fibronectin type III domain-containing protein. | |
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3. Figure 3. Effect of irisin on bone tissue (adapted from Zerlotin R, Oranger A, Pignataro P, et al. Irisin and Secondary Osteoporosis in Humans. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(2):690. Published 2022 Jan 8. doi: 10.3390/ijms23020690 with changes and additions). RANKL is a nuclear factor kappa-bi activator receptor ligand. | |
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Radugin F.M., Timkina N.V., Karonova T.L. Metabolic properties of irisin in health and in diabetes mellitus. Obesity and metabolism. 2022;19(3):332-339. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14341/omet12899
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