ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet9578ometendo-9578Research ArticleОбзор литературыReviewМетаболические аспекты взаимосвязи ожирения и бронхиальной астмыMetabolic aspects of the relationship of asthma and obesityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-0271КытиковаОксана ЮрьевнаKytikovaOxana Y.

к.м.н.

PhD

kytikova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-3198АнтонюкМарина ВладимировнаAntonyukMarina V.

д.м.н., профессор

Sc.D., Professor

antonyukm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6413-9840ГвозденкоТатьяна АлександровнаGvozdenkoTatyana A.

д.м.н., профессор РАН

Sc.D., Professor RAS

vfdnz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-201XНовгородцеваТатьяна ПавловнаNovgorodtsevaTatyana Р.

д.б.н., профессор

Sc.D., Professor

nauka@niivl.ru<p>Владивостокский филиал ФГБНУ &laquo;Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания &ndash; Научно- исследовательский институт медицинской климатологии и восстановительного лечения&raquo;</p>Россия<p>Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology of Respiration &ndash; Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment</p>Russian Federation201829032019154914Copyright &#x00A9; Кытикова О.Ю., Антонюк М.В., Гвозденко Т.А., Новгородцева Т.П., 20182018Кытикова О.Ю., Антонюк М.В., Гвозденко Т.А., Новгородцева Т.П.Kytikova O.Y., Antonyuk M.V., Gvozdenko T.A., Novgorodtseva T.Р.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9578

Бронхиальная астма (БА) и ожирение представляют собой серьезную медико-социальную проблему мирового уровня, а их сочетанное течение характеризуется снижением качества жизни, повышением частоты и длительности гос пи та лизации. В представленном литературном обзоре обобщены современные взгляды на механизмы формирования фенотипа БА, сочетанной с ожирением. Детализирована роль дисбаланса лептина и адипонектина в развитии системного воспаления при ожирении в патофизиологии БА. Описана взаимосвязь метаболического синдрома и БА. Представлены данные, что синдром тесно взаимосвязан не только с дебютом развития БА, но и со снижением ее контроля. Наряду с ожирением, рассмотрена роль других компонентов метаболического синдрома, в частности инсулинорезистентности, в качестве предиктора развития БА. Инсулинорезистентность может быть наиболее вероятным фактором, обусловливающим взаимосвязь между БА и ожирением, не зависящим от других компонентов метаболического синдрома. Представлены данныео том, что инсулинорезистентность, связанная с ожирением, может привести к нарушению синтеза оксида азота. Раскрыта общность механизма нарушений метаболизма оксида азота и аргинина при метаболическом синдроме и БА. Показано, что лечение инсулинорезистентности может быть терапевтически полезным у больных БА в сочетании с ожирением.

Asthma and obesity are serious medical and social world problems, and their combined course is characterized by a decrease in the quality of life, an increase in the frequency and duration of hospitalization. The present review summarizes the current views on the mechanisms of formation of asthma phenotype combined with obesity, role of leptin and adiponectin imbalance in the development of systemic inflammation in obesity in the pathophysiology of asthma, it’s interrelations with metabolic syndrome. We present data that shows that syndrome is closely related not only to the debut of asthma, but also to a decrease in its control. Along with obesity, the role of other components of metabolic syndrome, in particular insulin resistance, as a predictor of asthma development is considered. Insulin resistance may be the most likely factor in the relationship between asthma and obesity, independent of other components of the metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance associated with obesity can lead to disruption of nitric oxide synthesis. We reveal common mechanism of metabolic disorders of nitric oxide and arginine in metabolic syndrome and asthma and show that insulin resistance treatment can be therapeutically useful in patients with asthma in combination with obesity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.