References

ometendo

Ожирение и метаболизм

Obesity and metabolism

2071-87132306-5524

Endocrinology Research Centre

10.14341/omet201639-14

ometendo-7856

Research Article

Обзор литературы

Review

Возможные биохимические механизмы, вовлеченные в благотворные и побочные эффекты фолатов

Possible biochemical mechanisms involved in beneficial and adverse effects of folates

Шалджян

Алла Левоновна

Shaljyan

Alla

allashaljyan@mail.com

Варданян

Гаяне Саркисовна

Vardanyan

Gayane

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры биохимии

gaya_ysmu@mail.ru

Саарян

Анаит Владимировна

Saharyan

Anahit

asaharyan@yahoo.com

Агаджанов

Михаил Иосифович

Aghajanov

Michael

magajanov@gmail.com

Ереванский Государственный медицинский университет им. Мхитара ГерациАрменияYerevan State Medical UniversityArmenia

2016

26062016

133914

2016

Шалджян А.Л., Варданян Г.С., Саарян А.В., Агаджанов М.И.

Shaljyan A., Vardanyan G., Saharyan A., Aghajanov M.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/7856

В некоторых странах существует практика обогащения муки и мучных изделий фолиевой кислотой с целью снижения риска развития дефектов нервной трубки и анемии.

Целью данного обзора является обсуждение целесообразности принудительного использования этих добавок.

Установлено, что фолиевая кислота предотвращает развитие дефектов нервной трубки, в частности, spina bifida и anencephaly, а также препятствует развитию макроцитарной (мегалобластической) анемии. Способность фолиевой кислоты снижать уровень гомоцистеина лежит в основе ее протекторного воздействия на сердечно-сосудистую патологию. Однако высокий фолатный статус может подавлять ответ на антифолаты. Более того, сочетание высокой концентрации фолата с дефицитом витамина В12 зачастую ассоциируется с повышением риска нарушения когнитивной функции и анемии. Согласно имеющейся информации, фолат оказывает двойственное влияние на канцерогенез, с одной стороны, препятствуя инициации, с другой – способствуя росту неопластических клеток и их метастазированию. Представляет ли фолиевая кислота фактор риска для развития некоторых патологий или оказывает благотворное действие, еще предстоит выяснить.

Fortification of flour and bakery products with folic acid (FA) to reduce the number of neural tube defects as well, as anemia, is practiced in some countries. The purpose of our review is to discuss is folic acid supplement reasonably everyone?

It is well established, that folic acid has numerous significant beneficial effects. Folic acid prevents neural tube defects like spina bifida and anencephaly, it prevents development of macrocytic anemia. The ability of folic acid to decrease homocysteine level is associated with its protective influence on cardiovascular disease. Moreover, combination of high folate level with vitamin B12 deficiency may be associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and anemia. According to available information, folate has a dual effect on cancer, protecting against cancer initiation, but facilitating progression and growth of neoplastic cells and promote methastasis. However, relationship between folate supplementation and cancer, is, perhaps, one of the most controversial subjects in the field.

Whether increased circulating folic acid is a risk factor for certain pathologies, or it might have a beneficial effect is not clear at present. Scientific community does not have a true consensus view on whether mandatory fortification is true approach.

фолатобогащение фолиевой кислотойгомоцистеиндефекты нервной трубки (NTD)

folatefortification with folic acidhomocysteineneural tube defects (NTD)

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.