<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ometendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ожирение и метаболизм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obesity and metabolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8713</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2306-5524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/omet2014224-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ometendo-6719</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности пищевого поведения, эмоционального состояния и показателей метаболизма у больных ожирением с инсомническими расстройствами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of eating behavior, emotional state and metabolic parameters in obese patients with insomnia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Strueva</surname><given-names>N V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант отделения терапии эндокринопатий лечебно-диагностического отдела; ФГБУ «Эндокринологический научный центр» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nstr84@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Poluektov</surname><given-names>M G</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н, доцент кафедры нервных болезней; ГБOУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polouekt@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Saveleva</surname><given-names>L V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зав. отделением терапии эндокринопатий лечебно-диагностического отдела; ФГБУ «Эндокринологический научный центр» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slv63@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Melnithenko</surname><given-names>G A</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акад., проф., д.м.н., директор Института клинической эндокринологии; ФГБУ «Эндокринологический научный центр» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melnich@endocrincentr.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Katsya</surname><given-names>G V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимической эндокринологии и гормонального анализа; ФГБУ «Эндокринологический научный центр» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>N P</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., руководитель лаборатории биохимической эндокринологии и гормонального анализа; ФГБУ «Эндокринологический научный центр» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goncharov@endocrincentr.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>№2 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Strueva N.V., Poluektov M.G., Saveleva L.V., Melnithenko G.A., Katsya G.V., Goncharov N.P., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Strueva N.V., Poluektov M.G., Saveleva L.V., Melnithenko G.A., Katsya G.V., Goncharov N.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Strueva N.V., Poluektov M.G., Saveleva L.V., Melnithenko G.A., Katsya G.V., Goncharov N.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6719">https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6719</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью настоящего исследования являлось изучение влияния нарушений сна инсомнического характера на пищевое поведение, эмоциональные особенности, метаболические и гормональные показатели у больных ожирением. Обследовано 104 больных первичным ожирением в возрасте от 20 до 55 лет: 47 мужчин и 57 женщин, средний возраст 39 лет, средняя масса тела 118 кг, ИМТ 39,6 кг/м2. Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: в 1-ю группу вошли пациенты с жалобами на расстройства сна инсомнического характера (n=45), диагностированными согласно МКРС-2, во 2-ю (n=59) - пациенты, у которых не было жалоб на нарушения сна (группа сравнения). При сравнительном анализе средние показатели тревоги и депрессии были достоверно выше в группе больных с инсомническими нарушениями по сравнению с группой сравнения. Получена статистически значимая зависимость клинически выраженной тревоги и «скрытой» депрессии от наличия инсомнических расстройств (р=0,008). При сравнительной оценке пищевого поведения (ПП) у пациентов c инсомниями и без таковых получено достоверное повышение уровня эмоциогенного ПП и экстернального ПП, а также статистически значимая зависимость эмоциогенного ПП (р&lt;0,05) от наличия инсомнических расстройств. У больных ожирением c хронической инсомнией без синдрома обструктивного апноэ сна наблюдались более низкие уровни свободного кортизола в суточной моче по сравнению с пациентами без нарушений сна (169 [145;194]; 324 [244;330] соответственно; р=0,001) и положительные корреляции - с общим временем сна, индексом эффективности сна в процентах, отрицательные - с бодрствованием во сне</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of insomnia on eating behavior, anxiety, depression, metabolic and hormonal parameters in obese patients. Materials and Methods. The study involved 104 patients with primary obesity from 20 to 55 years old: 47 men and 57 women, mean age 39 years, mean body weight 118 kg, BMI 39.6. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group consisted of patients with complaints of insomnia (n=45), the second (control) group (n=59) were patients without sleep disorders. Results. Mean levels of anxiety and depression were significantly higher in the first group. The results of research showed a statistically significant association emotional eating and insomnia. Patients with chronic insomnia without obstructive sleep apnea had low levels of free cortisol in 24-hour urinary compared with patients without sleep disorders (169 [145, 194] vs. 324 [244, 330], respectively, p=0.001), positive correlation with total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and negative with wake time during sleep period time. Conclusions. Sleep disorders in obese patients are one of the factors contributing to the increase in food intake in response to changes in emotional state on the background of "hidden" anxiety and depressive disorders. It is possible that the data eating disorders and psychological status may have a negative impact on the dynamics of weight during the treatment of obesity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>пищевое поведение</kwd><kwd>сон</kwd><kwd>инсомния</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>weight</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>eating behavior</kwd><kwd>sleep</kwd><kwd>insomnia</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вознесенская Т.Г. Типология нарушений пищевого поведения и эмоционально-личностные расстройства при ожирении и их коррекция / В кн.: Ожирение под ред. Дедова И.И., Мельниченко Г.А. М., МИА. 2004: 234-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вознесенская Т.Г. Типология нарушений пищевого поведения и эмоционально-личностные расстройства при ожирении и их коррекция / В кн.: Ожирение под ред. Дедова И.И., Мельниченко Г.А. М., МИА. 2004: 234-71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова Г.Е., Романцова Т.И., Вознесенская Т.Г., Роик О.В. Пищевое поведение у пациентов с ожирением. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2007 (2):17-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Волкова Г.Е., Романцова Т.И., Вознесенская Т.Г., Роик О.В. Пищевое поведение у пациентов с ожирением. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2007 (2):17-21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гурова О.Ю., Бобров А.Е., Романцова Т.И., Роик О.В. Метаболические и психопатологические особенности у у больных с морбидным ожирением. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2007.;3:28-32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гурова О.Ю., Бобров А.Е., Романцова Т.И., Роик О.В. Метаболические и психопатологические особенности у у больных с морбидным ожирением. Ожирение и метаболизм. 2007.;3:28-32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Полуэктов М.Г. Первичные и вторичные инсомнии и расстройства дыхания во сне. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии. 2011; 9 (2):10-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Полуэктов М.Г. Первичные и вторичные инсомнии и расстройства дыхания во сне. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии. 2011; 9 (2):10-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Полуэктов М.Г. Эндокринная система и нарушения сна. / В кн.: Под ред. Левин Я.И. Полкуэктов М.Г. Сомнология и медицина сна. М.: Медфорум, 2013: 408-422.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Полуэктов М.Г. Эндокринная система и нарушения сна. / В кн.: Под ред. Левин Я.И. Полкуэктов М.Г. Сомнология и медицина сна. М.: Медфорум, 2013: 408-422.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Протокол исследования больных с нарушениями сна. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http//www.sleepmed.ru.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Протокол исследования больных с нарушениями сна. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http//www.sleepmed.ru.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рекомендации Российской ассоциации эндокринологов. Диагностика и лечение ожирения у взрослых. Под ред. Дедова И.И. 2010,12 стр.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Рекомендации Российской ассоциации эндокринологов. Диагностика и лечение ожирения у взрослых. Под ред. Дедова И.И. 2010,12 стр.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep disorders, 2 nd ed.: Diagnostic and coding manual. Westchester, Ill.: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep disorders, 2 nd ed.: Diagnostic and coding manual. Westchester, Ill.: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brumpton B, Langhammer A, Romundstad P, Chen Y and Mai X-M The associations of anxiety and depression symptoms with weight change and incident obesity: The HUNT Study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229732.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brumpton B, Langhammer A, Romundstad P, Chen Y and Mai X-M The associations of anxiety and depression symptoms with weight change and incident obesity: The HUNT Study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229732.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cappuccio FP, Taggart FM, Kandala NB et el. Meta-Analysis of Short Sleep Duration and Obesity in Children and Adults. Sleep. 2008; 31(5): 619-626.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cappuccio FP, Taggart FM, Kandala NB et el. Meta-Analysis of Short Sleep Duration and Obesity in Children and Adults. Sleep. 2008; 31(5): 619-626.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hach I, Ruhl UE, Klotsche J, Klose M, Jacobi F. Associations between waist circumference and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 2006 Jun;92(2-3):305-8. Epub 2006 Feb 28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hach I, Ruhl UE, Klotsche J, Klose M, Jacobi F. Associations between waist circumference and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 2006 Jun;92(2-3):305-8. Epub 2006 Feb 28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hasler, G., Buysse, D.J., Klaghofer, R., Gamma, A., Ajdacic, V., Eich, D., Rossler, W., Angst, J., The association between short sleep duration and obesity in young adults: a 13-year prospective study. Sleep. 2004;27 (4):661-666.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hasler, G., Buysse, D.J., Klaghofer, R., Gamma, A., Ajdacic, V., Eich, D., Rossler, W., Angst, J., The association between short sleep duration and obesity in young adults: a 13-year prospective study. Sleep. 2004;27 (4):661-666.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janson, C., Lindberg, E., Gislason, T., Elmasry, A., Boman, G. Insomnia in men - a 10-year prospective population based study. 2001, Sleep 24 (4), 425-430.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Janson, C., Lindberg, E., Gislason, T., Elmasry, A., Boman, G. Insomnia in men - a 10-year prospective population based study. 2001, Sleep 24 (4), 425-430.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Killick R, Banks S, Liu PY. Implications of sleep restriction and recovery on metabolic outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(11):3876-90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Killick R, Banks S, Liu PY. Implications of sleep restriction and recovery on metabolic outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(11):3876-90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morselli L., Leproult R., Balbo M., Spiegel K. Role of sleep duration in the regulation of glucose metabolism and appetite Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;24(5): 687-702.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morselli L., Leproult R., Balbo M., Spiegel K. Role of sleep duration in the regulation of glucose metabolism and appetite Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;24(5): 687-702.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Motivala SJ, Tomiyama AJ, Ziegler M, Khandrika S, Irwin MR. Nocturnal levels of ghrelin and leptin and sleep in chronic insomnia. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009;34(4):540-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Motivala SJ, Tomiyama AJ, Ziegler M, Khandrika S, Irwin MR. Nocturnal levels of ghrelin and leptin and sleep in chronic insomnia. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009;34(4):540-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nedeltcheva AV, Kessler L, Imperial J, Penev PD. Exposure to recurrent sleep restriction in the setting of high caloric intake and physical inactivity results in increased insulin resistance and reduced glucose tolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(9):3242-50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nedeltcheva AV, Kessler L, Imperial J, Penev PD. Exposure to recurrent sleep restriction in the setting of high caloric intake and physical inactivity results in increased insulin resistance and reduced glucose tolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(9):3242-50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rechtschaffen A, Kales A, editors. Los Angeles: Brain Information Service/Brain Research Institute, University of California; 1968. A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system of sleep stages in human subjects.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rechtschaffen A, Kales A, editors. Los Angeles: Brain Information Service/Brain Research Institute, University of California; 1968. A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system of sleep stages in human subjects.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheer FA, Hilton MF, Mantzoros CS, Shea SA. Adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of circadian misalignment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106:4453-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scheer FA, Hilton MF, Mantzoros CS, Shea SA. Adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of circadian misalignment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106:4453-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma S, Kavuru M. Sleep and Metabolism: An Overview. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2010. URL: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2010/270832/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma S, Kavuru M. Sleep and Metabolism: An Overview. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2010. URL: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2010/270832/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stunkard AJ, Messick S. The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger. J Psychosom Res 1985;29:71-83.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stunkard AJ, Messick S. The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger. J Psychosom Res 1985;29:71-83.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsigos C, Chrousos GP Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroendocrine factors and stress. J Psychosom Res 2002;53:865-871.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsigos C, Chrousos GP Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroendocrine factors and stress. J Psychosom Res 2002;53:865-871.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Liempt S. Sleep disturbances and PTSD: a perpetual circle? Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2012 (3). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Liempt S. Sleep disturbances and PTSD: a perpetual circle? Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2012 (3). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Strien T, Frijters JER, Bergers GPA, Defares PB. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. Int J Eat Disord 1986;5:295-315.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Strien T, Frijters JER, Bergers GPA, Defares PB. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. Int J Eat Disord 1986;5:295-315.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vgontzas AN, Mastorakos G, Bixler EO, Kales A, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Sleep deprivation effects on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and growth axes: potential clinical implications. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Aug;51(2):205-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vgontzas AN, Mastorakos G, Bixler EO, Kales A, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Sleep deprivation effects on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and growth axes: potential clinical implications. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Aug;51(2):205-15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Prolo P, Mastorakos G, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Chronic insomnia is associated with nyctohemeral activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: clinical implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:3787-3794.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Prolo P, Mastorakos G, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Chronic insomnia is associated with nyctohemeral activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: clinical implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:3787-3794.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis E, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Follet H, Kales A, et al. Adverse effects of modest sleep restriction on sleepiness, performance, and inflammatory cytokines. JCME. 2004;89:2119-2126.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis E, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Follet H, Kales A, et al. Adverse effects of modest sleep restriction on sleepiness, performance, and inflammatory cytokines. JCME. 2004;89:2119-2126.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao G, Ford ES, Dhingra S, Li C, Strine TW, Mokdad AH. Depression and anxiety among US adults: associations with body mass index. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009;33(2):257-66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao G, Ford ES, Dhingra S, Li C, Strine TW, Mokdad AH. Depression and anxiety among US adults: associations with body mass index. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009;33(2):257-66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
