<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ometendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ожирение и метаболизм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obesity and metabolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8713</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2306-5524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/omet13298</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ometendo-13298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологические и клинико-терапевтические характеристики болезни Иценко-Кушинга в Российской Федерации: данные мониторинга на основе Всероссийской базы данных на 01.01.2025</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects Cushing disease in Russian Federation: monitoring data based on the Russian database for 01.01.2025</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-7831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луценко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutsenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Луценко Александр Сергеевич, к.м.н., научный сотрудник отделения нейроэндокринологии и остеопатий</p><p>117036, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Lutsenko, MD, PhD, research scientist of neuroendocrinology and bone diseases department</p><p>11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117036 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">some91@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-9487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутакова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutakova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кутакова Дарья Вячеславовна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria V. Kutakova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sazonova_dv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0571-8882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викулова</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vikulova</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Викулова Ольга Константиновна, д.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga K. Vikulova, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vikulova.Olga@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9760-1117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isakov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исаков Михаил Андреевич, к.б.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Isakov, PhD in biology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.isakov@aston-health.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6674-6441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белая</surname><given-names>Ж. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belaya</surname><given-names>Zh. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белая Жанна Евгеньевна, д.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna E. Belaya, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jannabelaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-2447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пржиялковская</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Przhiyalkovskaya</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пржиялковская Елена Георгиевна, к.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena G. Przhiyalkovskaya, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">przhiyalkovskaya.elena@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-0732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожинская</surname><given-names>Л. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhinskaya</surname><given-names>L. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рожинская Людмила Яковлевна, д.м.н., профессор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila Ya. Rozhinskaya, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lrozhinskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-4619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзеранова</surname><given-names>Л. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzeranova</surname><given-names>L. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дзеранова Лариса Константиновна, д.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa K. Dzeranova, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzeranovalk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-466X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пигарова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pigarova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пигарова Екатерина Александровна, д.м.н. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Pigarova, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kpigarova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5130-4157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марова Евгения Ивановна, д.м.н., профессор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia I. Marova, MD, PhD, professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marova-e@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-8702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трошина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Troshina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трошина Екатерина Анатольевна, д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Troshina, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">troshina@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-7877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельниченко</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnichenko</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельниченко Галина Афанасьевна, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina A. Melnichenko, MD, PhD, professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">teofrast2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-9742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокрышева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokrysheva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мокрышева Наталья Георгиевна, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН </p><p>Москва</p><p>ResearcherID: AAY-3761-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 35269746000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia G. Mokrysheva, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Moscow</p><p>ResearcherID: AAY-3761-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 35269746000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mokrisheva.natalia@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии им. академика И.И. Дедова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>285</fpage><lpage>291</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Луценко А.С., Кутакова Д.В., Викулова О.К., Исаков М.А., Белая Ж.Е., Пржиялковская Е.Г., Рожинская Л.Я., Дзеранова Л.К., Пигарова Е.А., Марова Е.И., Трошина Е.А., Мельниченко Г.А., Мокрышева Н.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Луценко А.С., Кутакова Д.В., Викулова О.К., Исаков М.А., Белая Ж.Е., Пржиялковская Е.Г., Рожинская Л.Я., Дзеранова Л.К., Пигарова Е.А., Марова Е.И., Трошина Е.А., Мельниченко Г.А., Мокрышева Н.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lutsenko A.S., Kutakova D.V., Vikulova O.K., Isakov M.A., Belaya Z.E., Przhiyalkovskaya E.G., Rozhinskaya L.Y., Dzeranova L.K., Pigarova E.A., Marova E.I., Troshina E.A., Melnichenko G.A., Mokrysheva N.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13298">https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13298</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Болезнь Иценко-Кушинга (БИК) — тяжелое нейроэндокринное заболевание, вызванное избыточной секрецией адренокортикотропного гормона аденомой гипофиза, приводящее к гиперкортицизму и системным осложнениям (ожирение, артериальная гипертензия, остеопороз и др.), которые значительно повышают смертность и снижают качество жизни. Эпидемиологические данные по БИК варьируют в зависимости от методов оценки, что затрудняет определение истинной распространенности.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести анализ эпидемиологических и клинико-терапевтических характеристик БИК на основе данных общероссийской базы данных опухолей гипоталамо-гипофизарной области (БД ОГГО).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования является БД клинико-эпидемиологического мониторинга ОГГО на территории РФ, включающая 84 региона, выгрузка данных от 01.01.2025. БД ОГГО существует с 2006 года, с 2013 года – на электронной платформе.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На 01.01.2025 в БД ОГГО включено 986 пациентов с БИК. Средняя распространенность БИК в Российской Федерации составила 0,7 на 100 тыс. населения: максимальная распространенность отмечается в Республике Карелия (2,5/100 тыс.), Чукотском АО (2,1/100 тыс.) и в Тверской области (1,8/100 тыс.). Соотношение по полу (м:ж) 152 (15,4%):834 (84,6%). Медиана возраста — 52 года [42,1; 63,6]. Медиана времени от появления симптомов до постановки диагноза — 22,2 месяца [4,1; 57,0]. На период последнего визита ремиссия достигнута у 58,6% пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. База данных ОГГО является ценным инструментом для мониторинга и изучения БИК в России. Результаты подтверждают значительную вариабельность распространенности БИК в РФ и необходимость обучения и повышения осведомленности врачей, что будет способствовать улучшению диагностики, сокращению времени до постановки диагноза и оптимизации лечения. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND. Cushing disease (CD) is a severe neuroendocrine disorder caused by excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone by a pituitary adenoma. This disorder leads to hypercortisolism and systemic complications (obesity, hypertension, osteoporosis, etc.), which significantly increase mortality and reduce quality of life. Epidemiological data on CD vary depending on the assessment methods, making it difficult to determine the true prevalence.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of CD using data from the Russian database of hypothalamic and pituitary tumors (OGGO).</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study was conducted using the OGGO clinical and epidemiological monitoring database in Russian Federation, which includes 84 regions, with date of analysis January 1, 2025. The OGGO database has been created in 2006, and has been available as online resource since 2013.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. As of January 1, 2025, the OGGO database included 986 patients with CD. The average prevalence of CD in the Russian Federation was 0.7 per 100,000 population: the highest prevalence was observed in the Republic of Karelia (2.5/100,000), Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (2.1/100,000), and Tver Oblast (1.8/100,000). The sex ratio (m:f) was 152 (15.4%):834 (84.6%). The median age was 52 years [42.1; 63.6]. The median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 22.2 months [4.1; 57.0]. At the time of the last visit, remission was achieved in 58.6% of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. The OGGO database is a valuable tool for monitoring and studying CD in Russia. The results confirm significant variability in the prevalence of CD in Russian Federation and the need for training and awareness-raising among physicians, which will contribute to improved diagnostics, reduced time to diagnosis, and optimized treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Иценко-Кушинга</kwd><kwd>гиперкортицизм</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>метаболизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cushing disease</kwd><kwd>hypercortisolism</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>metabolism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант №24-15-00283).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Melnichenko GA, Dedov II, Belaya ZE, et al. Cushing’s disease: the clinical features, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and methods of treatment. Probl Endocrinol. 2015;61(2):55-77. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl201561255-77</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melnichenko GA, Dedov II, Belaya ZE, et al. Cushing’s disease: the clinical features, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and methods of treatment. Probl Endocrinol. 2015;61(2):55-77. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl201561255-77</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации “Болезнь Иценко-Кушинга”. Российская ассоциация эндокринологов, 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klinicheskie rekomendacii “Bolezn’ Icenko-Kushinga”. Rossijskaya associaciya endokrinologov, 2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LY, Dragunova NV, et al. Metabolic complications of endogenous Cushing: patient selection for screening. Obe Metab. 2013;10(1):26-31. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/2071-8713-5068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LY, Dragunova NV, et al. Metabolic complications of endogenous Cushing: patient selection for screening. Obe Metab. 2013;10(1):26-31. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/2071-8713-5068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aresta C, Soranna D, Giovanelli L, et al. When to Suspect Hidden Hypercortisolism in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Endocr Pract. 2021;27(12):1216-1224. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2021.07.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aresta C, Soranna D, Giovanelli L, et al. When to Suspect Hidden Hypercortisolism in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Endocr Pract. 2021;27(12):1216-1224. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2021.07.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giuffrida G, Crisafulli S, Ferraù F, et al. Global Cushing’s disease epidemiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Endocrinol Invest. 2022;45(6):1235-1246. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-022-01754-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giuffrida G, Crisafulli S, Ferraù F, et al. Global Cushing’s disease epidemiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Endocrinol Invest. 2022;45(6):1235-1246. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-022-01754-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ragnarsson O, Olsson DS, Chantzichristos D, et al. The incidence of Cushing’s disease: a nationwide Swedish study. Pituitary. 2019;22(2):179-186. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-019-00951-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ragnarsson O, Olsson DS, Chantzichristos D, et al. The incidence of Cushing’s disease: a nationwide Swedish study. Pituitary. 2019;22(2):179-186. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-019-00951-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agustsson TT, Baldvinsdottir T, Jonasson JG, et al. The epidemiology of pituitary adenomas in Iceland, 1955–2012: a nationwide population-based study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;173(5):655-664. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-15-0189</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agustsson TT, Baldvinsdottir T, Jonasson JG, et al. The epidemiology of pituitary adenomas in Iceland, 1955–2012: a nationwide population-based study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;173(5):655-664. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-15-0189</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giraldi FP, Moro M, Cavagnini F. Gender-Related Differences in the Presentation and Course of Cushing’s Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(4):1554-1558. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2002-021518</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giraldi FP, Moro M, Cavagnini F. Gender-Related Differences in the Presentation and Course of Cushing’s Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(4):1554-1558. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2002-021518</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pecori Giraldi F, Cassarino MF, Sesta A, Terreni M, Lasio G, Losa M. Sexual Dimorphism in Cellular and Molecular Features in Human ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(3):669. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12030669</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pecori Giraldi F, Cassarino MF, Sesta A, Terreni M, Lasio G, Losa M. Sexual Dimorphism in Cellular and Molecular Features in Human ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(3):669. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12030669</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rubinstein G, Osswald A, Hoster E, et al. Time to Diagnosis in Cushing’s Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis Based on 5367 Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(3):e12-e22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz136</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubinstein G, Osswald A, Hoster E, et al. Time to Diagnosis in Cushing’s Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis Based on 5367 Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(3):e12-e22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz136</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марова Е.И., Колесникова Г.С., Арапова С.Д., Григорьев А.Ю., Лапшина А.М., Мельниченко Г.А. Факторы прогноза результатов удаления кортикотропином при болезни Иценко–Кушинга. // Эндокринная хирургия. — 2016. — Т.10. — №4. — С.20-30. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/serg2016420-30</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marova EI, Kolesnikova GS, Arapova SD, Grigorjev AU, Lapshina AM, Melnichenko GA. Factors predicting the outcomes of removal of corticotropinom in Cushing’s disease. Endocrine Surgery. 2016;10(4):20-30. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lonser RR, Nieman L, Oldfield EH. Cushing’s disease: pathobiology, diagnosis, and management. J Neurosurg. 2017;126(2):404-417. doi: https://doi.org/10.3171/2016.1.JNS152119</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lonser RR, Nieman L, Oldfield EH. Cushing’s disease: pathobiology, diagnosis, and management. J Neurosurg. 2017;126(2):404-417. doi: https://doi.org/10.3171/2016.1.JNS152119</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alexandraki KI, Kaltsas GA, Isidori AM, et al. Long-term remission and recurrence rates in Cushing’s disease: predictive factors in a single-centre study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013;168(4):639-648. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-12-0921</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexandraki KI, Kaltsas GA, Isidori AM, et al. Long-term remission and recurrence rates in Cushing’s disease: predictive factors in a single-centre study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013;168(4):639-648. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-12-0921</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petersenn S, Beckers A, Ferone D, et al. Therapy of endocrine disease: Outcomes in patients with Cushing’s disease undergoing transsphenoidal surgery: systematic review assessing criteria used to define remission and recurrence. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;172(6):R227-R239. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-14-0883</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petersenn S, Beckers A, Ferone D, et al. Therapy of endocrine disease: Outcomes in patients with Cushing’s disease undergoing transsphenoidal surgery: systematic review assessing criteria used to define remission and recurrence. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;172(6):R227-R239. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-14-0883</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khandaeva PM, Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LY, et al. Five years follow up of patients with Сushing’s disease with and without visualized pituitary adenoma on MRI, who underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy. Probl Endocrinol. 2017;63(5):276-281. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl2017635276-281</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khandaeva PM, Belaya ZE, Rozhinskaya LY, et al. Five years follow up of patients with Сushing’s disease with and without visualized pituitary adenoma on MRI, who underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy. Probl Endocrinol. 2017;63(5):276-281. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl2017635276-281</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Limumpornpetch P, Morgan AW, Tiganescu A, et al. The Effect of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome on All-cause and Causespecific Mortality. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(8):2377-2388. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac265</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Limumpornpetch P, Morgan AW, Tiganescu A, et al. The Effect of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome on All-cause and Causespecific Mortality. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(8):2377-2388. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac265</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ragnarsson O, Olsson DS, Papakokkinou E, et al. Overall and Disease-Specific Mortality in Patients With Cushing Disease: A Swedish Nationwide Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104(6):2375-2384. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-02524</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ragnarsson O, Olsson DS, Papakokkinou E, et al. Overall and Disease-Specific Mortality in Patients With Cushing Disease: A Swedish Nationwide Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104(6):2375-2384. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-02524</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nieman LK, Castinetti F, Newell-Price J, et al. Cushing syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2025;11(1):4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-024-00588-w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nieman LK, Castinetti F, Newell-Price J, et al. Cushing syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2025;11(1):4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-024-00588-w</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Доступно по: gks.ru.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Доступно по: gks.ru.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valassi E. Clinical presentation and etiology of Cushing’s syndrome: Data from (ERCUSYN). J Neuroendocrinol. 2022;34(8). doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.13114</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valassi E. Clinical presentation and etiology of Cushing’s syndrome: Data from (ERCUSYN). J Neuroendocrinol. 2022;34(8). doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.13114</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stroud A, Dhaliwal P, Alvarado R, et al. Outcomes of pituitary surgery for Cushing’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pituitary. 2020;23(5):595-609. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-020-01066-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stroud A, Dhaliwal P, Alvarado R, et al. Outcomes of pituitary surgery for Cushing’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pituitary. 2020;23(5):595-609. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11102-020-01066-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valassi E, Chiodini I, Feelders RA, et al. Unmet needs in Cushing’s syndrome: the patients’ perspective. Endocr Connect. 2022;11(7). doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0027</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valassi E, Chiodini I, Feelders RA, et al. Unmet needs in Cushing’s syndrome: the patients’ perspective. Endocr Connect. 2022;11(7). doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0027</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Young J, Bertherat J, Vantyghem MC, et al. Hepatic safety of ketoconazole in Cushing’s syndrome: results of a Compassionate Use Programme in France. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018;178(5):447-458. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-17-0886</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Young J, Bertherat J, Vantyghem MC, et al. Hepatic safety of ketoconazole in Cushing’s syndrome: results of a Compassionate Use Programme in France. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018;178(5):447-458. doi: https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-17-0886</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ntali G, Hakami O, Wattegama M, Ahmed S, Karavitaki N. Mortality of Patients with Cushing’s Disease. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2021;129(03):203-207. doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1197-6380</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ntali G, Hakami O, Wattegama M, Ahmed S, Karavitaki N. Mortality of Patients with Cushing’s Disease. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2021;129(03):203-207. doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1197-6380</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
