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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ometendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ожирение и метаболизм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obesity and metabolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8713</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2306-5524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/omet13105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ometendo-13105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возврат к стандартному питанию после высококалорийной диеты улучшает метаболические показатели и реактивность аорты крысы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Return to a standard diet after a high-calorie diet improves metabolic indexes and reactivity of the rat aorta</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6351-7934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панькова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панькова Марина Николаевна, к.б.н., доцент</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Макарова, д. 6</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6507131004</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Makarov embankment, 199034 Saint Petersburg</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6507131004</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mpankova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>340</fpage><lpage>347</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панькова М.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панькова М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pankova M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13105">https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13105</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Решение важной задачи снижения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и риска смерти, сопряженных с метаболическим синдромом (МС), во многом связано с исследованиями по выяснению механизмов действия факторов, направленных на предупреждение его развития, и соответствующему изменению образа жизни. Однако остается открытым вопрос, насколько обратимыми являются нарушения, возникшие вследствие развития МС, в частности индуцированные высококалорийным питанием. На общем фоне работ, посвященных функциональным изменениям, происходящим во время диеты, сведения о том, что происходит после ее прекращения, крайне скудны. Возможность восстановления нарушенных функций представляет не только теоретический, но и большой практический интерес.Цель. Оценить изменения метаболического состояния и реактивности аорты крысы на действие вазоконстрикторного агента фенилэфрина (PhE) при использовании высококалорийной диеты (CAF) в течение 6 недель и после нормализации питания.Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на половозрелых самцах крыс Wistar, которые были распределены на контрольную группу, которая находилась на стандартной диете (SD), и опытную, получавшую диету кафетерия (CAF). CAF и восстановительный период (Post-CAF) продолжались по 6 недель каждый. В конце периода оценивали метаболические показатели. Исследование реактивности аорты проводили на изолированных сосудах методом проволочной миографии. Статистическая обработка данных проведена при использовании программы GraphPad Prizm 8.0.1.Результаты. В ходе исследования было показано, что применение CAF приводило к повышению массы тела и количества висцерального жира (в 2 раза) у опытных животных по сравнению с контролем. У них были зарегистрированы более высокие уровни в крови натощак триглицеридов 1,77±0,42 мМ vs 0,70±0,16 мМ и глюкозы 7,6±0,9 мМ vs 4,7±0,73 мМ соответственно, и показателей, полученных при проведении глюкозотолерантного теста. В Post-CAF период наблюдали снижение прибавки веса у крыс, особенно в его начале, а показатели, зарегистрированные в конце восстановительного периода, статистически не отличались от таковых в SD группе. В результате исследования реактивности аорты были получены данные о повышении величины вазоконстрикторных ответов на действие PhE в CAF группе вследствие снижения антисократительного влияния NO и участия в этом процессе калиевых каналов, блокируемых ТЭА. После Post-CAF зарегистрировано восстановление влияния NO и вклада потенциалозависимых и/или Са2+- активируемых К+-каналов гладких мышц, что в итоге приводит к возврату параметров реактивности аорты к величинам, характерным для SD группы.Заключение. Полученные в исследовании данные свидетельствуют об обратимости после нормализации питания метаболических нарушений углеводного и липидного обменов и повышенной вазоконстрикции аорты, зарегистрированных при использовании диеты кафетерия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>BACKGROUND: Solution to the important problem of reducing cardiovascular diseases and the risk of death associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) depends on our understanding of mechanisms of different influences preventing its development and change of our lifestyle in accordance to this knowledge. However, the question remains as to how reversible the disorders resulting from the development of MS, in particular, those induced by a high-calorie diet, are. There is a lot of research work of functional disturbance during a diet, but information about what happens after diet is extremely scarce. The possibility of restoring impaired functions is not only of theoretical, but also of great practical interest.AIM: To evaluate changes in the metabolic state and reactivity of the rat aorta to the vasoconstrictor agent phenylephrine (PhE) when fed a high-calorie diet (CAF) for 6 weeks and after normalization of nutrition.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was performed on mature male Wistar rats, which were divided into a control group fed a standard diet (SD) and an experimental group fed a cafeteria diet (CAF). CAF and recovery period (Post-CAF) lasted 6 weeks each. At the end of each period, metabolic indexes were appreciated. The study of aortic reactivity was carried out on isolated vessels using wire myography. Statistical data processing was carried out using the GraphPad Prizm 8.0.1 program.RESULTS: The study showed that the use of CAF led to an increase in body weight and the amount of visceral fat (2 times) in experimental animals compared to controls. They had higher fasting blood levels of triglycerides 1.77±0.42 mM vs 0.70±0.16 mM and glucose 7.6±0.9 mM vs 4.7±0.73 mM , respectively, and the indicators obtained when performing a glucose tolerance test. During the Post-CAF period, a decrease in weight gain was observed in rats, especially at its beginning, and the indicators recorded at the end of the recovery period were not statistically different from those in the SD group. As a result of a study of aortic reactivity, data were obtained on an increase of vasoconstrictor responses to the action of PhE in the CAF group due to a decrease in the anticontractile effect of NO and the participation in this process of potassium channels blocked by TEA. After Post-CAF, restoration of the influence of NO and the contribution of voltage-gated and/ or Ca2+- activated K+ channels of smooth muscles was recorded, which ultimately leads to a return of aortic reactivity to the values same as in the SD group.CONCLUSION: The obtained data indicate that after normalization of nutrition the reversibility of metabolic disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and increased vasoconstriction of the aorta, recorded with the use of a cafeteria diet, occurs</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>аорта</kwd><kwd>крыса</kwd><kwd>диета кафетерия</kwd><kwd>вазоконстрикция</kwd><kwd>оксид азота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>aorta</kwd><kwd>rat</kwd><kwd>cafeteria diet</kwd><kwd>vasoconstriction</kwd><kwd>nitric oxide</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана средствами федерального бюджета в рамках государственного задания ФГБУН Институт физиологии им. 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