ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet12893ometendo-12893Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSРоль питания и состояния микрофлоры кишечника в формировании метаболического синдромаNutrition and the state of the intestinal microflora in the formation of the metabolic syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6219-5964ПатракееваВ. П.PatrakeevaV. P.

Патракеева Вероника Павловна, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории экологической иммунологии Института физиологии природных адаптаций 

163069, Архангельск, наб. Северной Двины, д. 23 

Researcher ID: AAV-1307-2020;

Scopus Author ID: 42962303300;

eLibrary SPIN: 9573-1094

Veronika P. Patrakeeva, PhD in biology

23 emb. Northern Dvina, 163069, Archangelsk

Researcher ID: AAV-1307-2020;

Scopus Author ID: 42962303300;

eLibrary SPIN: 9573-1094

patrakeewa.veronika@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-4410ШтаборовВ. А.ShtaborovV. A.

Штаборов Вячеслав Анатольевич, кандидат биологических наук , старший научный сотрудник лаборатории экологической иммунологии Института физиологии природных адаптаций 

Архангельск

eLibrary SPIN: 9519-4149

Vyacheslav A. Shtaborov, PhD in biology

Archangelsk

eLibrary SPIN: 9519-4149

schtaborov@mail.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр комплексного изучения Арктики имени академика Н.П. Лаверова Уральского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияN. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202208082022193292299Copyright © Патракеева В.П., Штаборов В.А., 20232023Патракеева В.П., Штаборов В.А.Patrakeeva V.P., Shtaborov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12893

В обзоре литературы представлены результаты современных исследований взаимосвязи рациона питания и микробиоты кишечника в регуляции метаболических нарушений. Метаболический синдром, представляющий собой симптомокомплекс, сочетающий абдоминальное ожирение, инсулинорезистентность, гипергликемию, дислипидемию и артериальную гипертензию, остается важной проблемой, являясь фактором риска сердечно-сосудистых, нейродегенеративных, онкологических заболеваний и развития сахарного диабета 2 типа. Хотя патогенез метаболического синдрома пока полностью не выяснен, известно, что центральную роль играют висцеральное ожирение и связанные с ним осложнения, такие как дислипидемия и повышение уровня провоспалительных цитокинов. В статье представлены данные о влиянии употребления определенных продуктов питания, включения в рацион растительных биологически активных веществ (флавоноиды, полифенолы и др.), а также применения элиминационных диет с исключением из рациона питания углеводов или жиров, на снижение показателей риска сердечно-сосудистых катастроф, уровней глюкозы натощак, общего холестерина, липопротеинов низкой плотности, триглицеридов, С-реактивного белка, лептина, инсулина, массы тела и окружности талии, уровня циркулирующих эндотоксинов и изменение активности иммунокомпетентных клеток. Представлены данные о возможном влиянии микробиоты кишечника в поддержании воспаления и формировании дегенеративных изменений в организме. Показана роль изменения соотношения уровней патогенной микрофлоры, бифидои лактобактерий при формировании патологического состояния.

  

The literature review presents the results of modern studies of the relationship between diet and intestinal microbiota in the regulation of metabolic disorders. Metabolic syndrome, which is a symptom complex that combines abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension, remains an important problem, being a risk factor for cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, oncological diseases and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome has not yet been fully elucidated, it is known that visceral obesity and its associated complications, such as dyslipidemia and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, play a central role. The article presents data on the impact of the consumption of certain food products, the inclusion of plant biologically active substances (flavonoids, polyphenols, etc.) in the diet, as well as the use of elimination diets with the exclusion of carbohydrates or fats from the diet, on reducing the risk of cardiovascular accidents, levels of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, leptin, insulin, reduction in body weight and waist circumference, reduction in the level of circulating endotoxins and changes in the activity of immunocompetent cells. Data are presented on the possible influence of the intestinal microbiota in maintaining inflammation and the formation of degenerative changes in the body. The role of changes in the ratio of the levels of pathogenic microflora, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the formation of a pathological condition is shown.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.