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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ometendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ожирение и метаболизм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obesity and metabolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8713</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2306-5524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/omet12842</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ometendo-12842</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дисфункциональные изменения брыжеечных артерий в ранние сроки ожирения крыс при высокожировой диете</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endothelial dysfunction of the mesenteric arteries of rats in the early obesity induced by high-fat diet</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6351-7934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панькова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панькова Марина Николаевна, к.б.н.</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6507131004eLibrary SPIN: 7471-2798</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Макарова, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina N. Pankova, PhD in biology</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6507131004eLibrary SPIN: 7471-2798</p><p>6 Makarov embankment, 199034 Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mpankova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>165</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панькова М.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панькова М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pankova M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12842">https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12842</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Нарушения морфологических и функциональных свойств сосудистого русла при ожирении являются серьезной клинической проблемой. Центральное место в их развитии занимает эндотелиальная дисфункция. Разработанные модели ожирения на животных с использованием различных диет свидетельствуют об изменении реактивности сосудов, однако вопросы о том, на каком этапе это происходит и какие механизмы вовлечены в данный процесс, остаются открытыми, в то время как они являются определяющими для выбора правильной тактики коррекции дисфункциональных нарушений.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель.  Исследование изменений вазодилатации, индуцированной ацетилхолином (АЦХ), артерий брыжейки крыс, находившихся на высокожировой диете (ВЖД) в течение 6 нед.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на самцах крыс линии Sprague-Dawley, которые в возрасте 8 нед были разделены на 2 группы: 1-я — контрольная, получавшая стандартный сухой корм; 2-я — получавшая ВЖД, общее количество жиров в которой составляло 50%. После 6 нед содержания на диете оценивали степень ожирения, биохимические показатели в крови, уровень артериального давления. Для изучения реактивности сосудов использовали прижизненную микроскопию брыжейки крысы с видеорегистрацией. Сократительные реакции сосудов оценивали по изменению их диаметра.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. После окончания диеты крысы, содержащиеся на ВЖД (n=15), имели более высокую массу тела и количество висцерального жира, значительно повышенный уровень триглицеридов в крови, умеренное повышение уровня глюкозы в крови и систолического давления по сравнению с контролем (n=15). Релаксационные ответы мезентеральных артерий, имеющих диаметр от 140 до 300 мкм в физиологическом солевом растворе (PSS), регистрировали на фоне предварительного сокращения фенилэфрином. Получено снижение АЦХ-индуцированной вазорелаксации, проявляющееся до развития значительных изменений показателей углеводного обмена. Инкубация препаратов с ингибитором эндотелиальной NO-синтазы L-NAME приводила к выраженному ослаблению релаксации у животных, находящихся на стандартной диете, и слабо влияла на вазодилатацию в артериях крыс, находящихся на ВЖД. Вазодилатация, вызванная введением нитропруссида натрия (донора NO), существенно не отличалась у контрольных и опытных животных, что свидетельствует о том, что чувствительность гладких мышц сосудов к NO практически не изменилась. АЦХ-индуцированная релаксация артерий у крыс, находящихся на диете, не изменялась при блокировании циклооксигеназного пути диклофенаком.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Функциональные изменения сократительной активности брыжеечных артерий, проявляющиеся в виде снижения АЦХ-индуцированной вазорелаксации, наступают при содержании животных на ВЖД на ранней стадии развития ожирения до наступления выраженных нарушений углеводного обмена. Это снижение обусловлено главным образом нарушением NO-зависимого механизма, лежащего в основе АЦХ-индуцированной релаксации в норме.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: Disturbance of the morphological and functional properties of the vascular bed in obesity are a serious clinical problem. Basis to their development is endothelial dysfunction. The developed models of obesity in animals using various diets indicate a change in vascular reactivity, however, questions about the stage at which this occurs and what mechanisms are involved in this process remain open, while they are decisive for choosing the correct tactics for correcting dysfunctions.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the changes in acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasodilation of isolated arteries from rats after six weeks of administration of a high-fat diet (HFD).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The experiments were performed on  Sprague-Dawley males, which at the age of 8 weeks were divided into 2 experimental groups that were treated for the next 6 weeks in the following manner: 1 - control) with standard dry food; 2 - a group fed with a HFD, the total amount of fat in which was 50%. At finish of the diet, the degree of obesity, biochemical parameters in the blood, and blood pressure were measured. Intravital microscopy of the rat mesentery with video recording was used to study the reactivity of the vessels. The contractile and relaxant responses of the vessels were determined by changes in their diameter.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The rats after treatment with the HFD (n=15) had higher body weight and amount of visceral fat, significantly increased blood triglycerides, moderate increases in glucose level in blood and systolic pressure compared with the control (n=15). Relaxation responses of mesenteric arteries, having a diameter of 140 to 300 μm in PSS, were recorded after precontraction by phenylephrine. A decrease in ACh-induced vasorelaxation was obtained, which manifests itself before the development of significant changes in carbohydrate metabolism. Incubation of drugs with the inhibitor of endothelial NO synthase L-NAME led to a pronounced weakening of relaxation in animals on a standard diet, and had little effect on vasodilation in the arteries of rats with the HFD. Vasodilation induced by the administration of sodium nitroprusside (NO donor) did not differ significantly in control and experimental animals, which indicates that the sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle to NO remained practically unchanged. ACh-induced relaxation of arteries in dietary rats did not change when the cyclooxygenase pathway was blocked by diclofenac.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Functional changes in the contractile activity of the mesenteric arteries, manifested in the form of a decrease in ACh-induced vasorelaxation, occur after treatment with the HFD when animals had an early stage of obesity development before the onset of pronounced disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. This decrease is mainly due to the disruption of the NO-dependent mechanism underlying ACh-induced relaxation in the norm.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дисфункция эндотелия</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>брыжеечные артерии крысы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>rat mesenteric arteries</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Госпрограммы 47 ГП «Научно-технологическое развитие Российской Федерации» (2019–2030), тема 0134-2019-0001.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chooi YC, Ding C, Magkos F. The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism. 2019;92:6-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.09.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chooi YC, Ding C, Magkos F. 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