ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet12804ometendo-12804Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСвободнорадикальное окисление как патогенетическое звено метаболического синдромаFree-radical oxidation as a pathogenetic factor of metabolic syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-436XАникинД. А.AnikinD. A.

Аникин Дмитрий Александрович

660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 1

Researcher ID: AAH-8919-2021;

eLibrary SPIN: 3045-8493

Dmitry A. Anikin, MD

st. Partizana Zheleznyaka 1, 660022, Krasnoyarsk

Researcher ID: AAH-8919-2021; eLibrary SPIN: 3045-8493

anikin27111994@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1999-9534СоловьеваИ. А.SolovyevaI. A.

Соловьева Ирина Анатольевна, доктор медицинских наук 

Красноярск

eLibrary SPIN: 8713-5470

Irina A. Solovyeva, MD, PhD

Krasnoyarsk

eLibrary SPIN: 8713-5470

acad-prorector@krasgmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-5292ДемкоИ. В.DemkoI. V.

Демко Ирина Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор 

Красноярск

eLibrary SPIN: 6520-3233

Irina V. Demko, MD, PhD, Professor

Krasnoyarsk

eLibrary SPIN: 6520-3233

demko64@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9377-5213СобкоЕ. А.SobkoE. A.

Собко Елена Альбертовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор 

Красноярск

eLibrary SPIN: 9132-6756

Elena A. Sobko, MD, PhD, Professor

Krasnoyarsk

eLibrary SPIN: 9132-6756

sobko29@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-877XКрапошинаА. Ю.KraposhinaA. Yu.

Крапошина Ангелина Юрьевна, кандидат медицинских наук 

Красноярск

eLibrary SPIN: 8829-9240

Angelina Yu. Kraposhina, MD, PhD

Krasnoyarsk

eLibrary SPIN: 8829-9240

angelina-maria@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-8349ГордееваН. В.GordeevaN. V.

Гордеева Наталья Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук 

Красноярск

eLibrary SPIN: 7914-7630

Natal’ya V. Gordeeva, MD, PhD

Krasnoyarsk

eLibrary SPIN: 7914-7630

natagorday@yandex.ruКрасноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого; Краевая клиническая больницаРоссияProfessor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University; Krasnoyarsk Clinical Regional HospitalRussian Federation202229082022193306316Copyright © Аникин Д.А., Соловьева И.А., Демко И.В., Собко Е.А., Крапошина А.Ю., Гордеева Н.В., 20232023Аникин Д.А., Соловьева И.А., Демко И.В., Собко Е.А., Крапошина А.Ю., Гордеева Н.В.Anikin D.A., Solovyeva I.A., Demko I.V., Sobko E.A., Kraposhina A.Y., Gordeeva N.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12804

Медико-социальная значимость сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний остается высокой. Одним из факторов, определяющих кардиоваскулярные риски, является метаболический синдром. В результате избыточного накопления продуктов липидного и углеводного обмена при метаболическом синдроме развивается окислительный (оксидативный) стресс. В статье рассмотрены как отечественные, так и зарубежные научные исследования, в которых освещены различные аспекты влияния реактивных форм кислорода и азота, а также других свободных радикалов на формирование окислительного стресса при патологических состояниях, входящих в комплекс метаболического синдрома. Так, описаны механизмы формирования хронического воспаления через избыточную секрецию провоспалительных цитокинов и адипокинов, активацию транскрипционного фактора NF-kB, а также повреждение антиоксидантной системы при ожирении. Отдельно отмечен ряд механизмов стимулирующего влияния адипокинов — лептина, адипонектина, химерина, оментина 1, резистина — на формирование оксидативного стресса. Описаны пути активизации полиолового пути, а также диацил-глицерол-протеинкиназа С-сигнального пути окислительного стресса, формирование митохондриальной дисфункции, в результате которых происходит избыточная выработка свободных радикалов при инсулинорезистентности, сахарном диабете и его макрои микрососудистых осложнениях. Кроме того, показаны влияния окислительного стресса непосредственно на формирование сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний атеросклеротического генеза, а также артериальной гипертензии.

The medical and social significance of cardiovascular diseases remains high. One of the factors that determine cardiovascular risks is metabolic syndrome. As a result of excessive accumulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism products in metabolic syndrome, oxidative (oxidative) stress develops. The article considers both domestic and foreign scientific studies, which highlight various aspects of the influence of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as other free radicals on the formation of oxidative stress in pathological conditions that are part of the metabolic syndrome complex. This describes the mechanisms of the formation of chronic inflammation through excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, activation of the transcription factor NF-kB, as well as damage to the antioxidant system in obesity. Separately, a number of mechanisms of the stimulating effect of adipokines: leptin, adiponectin, chimerine, omentin 1, resistin, on the formation of oxidative stress have been noted. The ways of activating the polyol pathway, as well as diacyl-glycerol — protein kinase C — the signaling pathway of oxidative stress, the formation of mitochondrial dysfunction is described. As a result of which there is an excessive production of free radicals in insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and macroand microvascular complications of diabetes. In addition, the influence of oxidative stress directly on the formation of cardiovascular diseases of atherosclerotic genesis, as well as arterial hypertension, has been shown.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.