ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet12756ometendo-12756Research ArticleНаучные обзорыReviewsФакторы риска развития ожирения в различные периоды детстваRisk Factors for Obesity Development in Different Periods of Childhoodhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1352-7026ЧубаровТ. В.ChubarovT. V.

Чубаров Тимофей Валерьевич - кандидат медицинских наук; eLibrary SPIN: 6559-1476

Timofey V. Chubarov, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 6559-1476

chubarov28@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1990-7310БессоноваА. В.BessonovaA. V.

Бессонова Анна Владимировна

Anna V. Bessonova

bessonova-ann@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0395ЖдановаО. А.ZhdanovaO. A.

Жданова Ольга Александровна - доктор медицинских наук; eLibrary SPIN: 1235-9770

Olga A. Zhdanova, MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 1235-9770

olga.vr9@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4088-398XАртющенкоА. И.ArtyushchenkoA. A.

Артющенко Анна Ивановна; eLibrary SPIN: 4811-1900

Anna I. Artyushchenko, MD; eLibrary SPIN: 4811-1900

anna.artyushchenko@gmail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0412-7853ШаршоваО. Г.SharshovaO. G.

Шаршова Ольга Геннадьевна - заместитель главного врача по медицинской части, заведующая эндокринологическим отделением ВДКБ ВГМУ им. Н.Н. Бурденко МЗ РФ

Olga G. Sharshova, MD

genvgma@yandex.ruВоронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. БурденкоРоссияVoronezh State Medical University named after N.N. BurdenkoRussian Federation202124072021182163168Copyright © Чубаров Т.В., Бессонова А.В., Жданова О.А., Артющенко А.И., Шаршова О.Г., 20212021Чубаров Т.В., Бессонова А.В., Жданова О.А., Артющенко А.И., Шаршова О.Г.Chubarov T.V., Bessonova A.V., Zhdanova O.A., Artyushchenko A.A., Sharshova O.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12756

Ожирение — важная проблема, остро стоящая перед здравоохранением многих стран. Заболеваемость ожирением среди детского населения неуклонно растет, в том числе в Российской Федерации. Формирование этого заболевания часто происходит в детском возрасте, а иногда истоки ожирения закладываются пренатально. Существует ряд эндогенных и экзогенных факторов, непосредственно играющих роль в развитии ожирения. К ним можно отнести наследственность, социально-экономический статус семьи, факторы, реализующиеся во время беременности и родов, — прибавку массы тела, прием антибактериальных препаратов и гипергликемию во время беременности у матери, способ родоразрешения, характер вскармливания и сроки введения прикорма, избыточное потребление калорий с пищей, нарушение режима дня и недостаток сна, пропуск приемов пищи, использование гаджетов и связанные с этим гиподинамию и избыточное потребление пищи, маркетинг высококалорийных пищевых продуктов и другие. Для каждого возрастного периода можно выделить преобладающие факторы риска. Изучение и раннее выявление факторов риска с учетом возраста ребенка необходимо для своевременной профилактики и информирования родителей и детей о возможных причинах и последствиях ожирения.

Obesity is an important health problem in many countries. Obesity among the child population is growing steadily, including the Russian Federation. Development of this disease often occurs in childhood and sometimes the origin of obesity goes back to prenatal period. There are a number of endogenous and exogenous factors than play an important role in development of obesity. These are heredity, socioeconomic status of the family, factors which are revealed during pregnancy and child delivery — weight gain, administration of antibacterial drugs and hyperglycemia in mother during her pregnancy, mode of delivery, feeding type and time of complementary food introduction, excessive consumption of calories with food, improper daily routine and lack of sleep, skipping meals, use of gadgets and associated physical inactivity and excessive food intake, marketing of high-calorie foods and others. Prevailing risk factors can be identified for each age period. Study and early identification of risk factors taking into account age of a child is necessary to take timely prevention measures and inform parents and their children about possible reasons and consequences of obesity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.