ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet12565ometendo-12565Research ArticleОбзор литературыReviewЦерамиды: фокус на ожирениеCeramides: focus on obesityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-3287ДылеваЮлия АлександровнаDylevaYulia A.

Дылева Юлия Александровна, к.м.н., ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-3287, ResearcherID: O-3883-2015, Scopus Author ID: 49360983500, eLibrary SPIN: 2064-6262, e-mail: dyleva87@yandex.ru

650002, Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6

Yulia A. Dyleva, MD, PhD, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-3287, ResearcherID: O-3883-2015, Scopus Author ID: 49360983500, eLibrary SPIN: 2064-6262, e-mail: dyleva87@yandex.ru

6, Sosnoviy blvd, 650002, Kemerovo

dyleva87@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7780-829XГруздеваОльга ВикторовнаGruzdevaOlga V.

Груздева Ольга Викторовна, д.м.н., ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7780-829X, ResearcherID: P-9723-2015, Scopus Author ID: 6507406046, eLibrary SPIN: 4322-0963, e-mail: o_gruzdeva@mail.ru

Кемерово

Olga V. Gruzdeva, MD, PhD, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7780-829X, ResearcherID: P-9723-2015, Scopus Author ID: 6507406046, eLibrary SPIN: 4322-0963, e-mail: o_gruzdeva@mail.ru

Kemerovo

o_gruzdeva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-3325БеликЕкатерина ВладимировнаBelikEkaterina V.

Белик Екатерина Владимировна, ORCID://orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-3325, ResearcherID: I-7850-2017, Scopus Author ID: 57188768885, eLibrary SPIN: 5705-9143, e-mail: sionina.ev@mail.ru

Кемерово

Ekaterina V. Belik, ORCID://orcid.org/0000-0003-3996-3325, ResearcherID: I-7850-2017, Scopus Author ID: 57188768885, eLibrary SPIN: 5705-9143, e-mail: sionina.ev@mail.ru

Kemerovo

sionina.ev@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеванийРоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular DiseasesRussian Federation202004122020173307315Copyright © Дылева Ю.А., Груздева О.В., Белик Е.В., 20202020Дылева Ю.А., Груздева О.В., Белик Е.В.Dyleva Y.A., Gruzdeva O.V., Belik E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12565

Общеизвестно, что ожирение повышает риск развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Патологическое увеличение массы жировой ткани приводит к нарушению контроля накопления липидов на молекулярном уровне, аномальному метаболизму липидов с образованием метаболитов, являющихся критическими для развития данных патологий на фоне ожирения. Одними из таких метаболитов являются церамиды. Церамиды выполняют множество физиологических функций, однако в патологических условиях индуцируют инсулинорезистентность, разобщают клеточное дыхание и фосфорилирование, активируют апоптоз клеток и играют важную роль в индукции дисфункции жировой ткани. Изменение биосинтеза церамидов посредством дисрегуляции ключевых ферментов приводит к образованию и накоплению церамидов, которые блокируют передачу сигналов инсулина и индуцируют воспаление жировой ткани.

В этом обзоре освещены метаболизм церамидов, причины их эктопического отложения в тканях при ожирении, а также потенциальные внутриклеточные сигнальные пути, модулирующие активность церамидов.

It is generally known that obesity increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. A pathological increase in the mass of adipose tissue leads to a violation of the control of lipid accumulation at the molecular level, abnormal lipid metabolism with the formation of metabolites, which are critical for the development of these pathologies against the background of obesity. Ceramides are one of these metabolites. Ceramides perform many physiological functions, but under pathological conditions they induce insulin resistance, uncouple cellular respiration and phosphorylation, activate cell apoptosis, and play an important role in the induction of adipose tissue dysfunction. Altering ceramide biosynthesis through dysregulation of key enzymes leads to the formation and accumulation of ceramides, which block insulin signaling and induce adipose tissue inflammation.This review highlights the metabolism of ceramides, the reasons for their ectopic deposition in tissues in obesity, as well as potential intracellular signaling pathways that modulate ceramide activity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.