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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ometendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ожирение и метаболизм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obesity and metabolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8713</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2306-5524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/omet12282</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ometendo-12282</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Субклинический гипотиреоз и метаболический синдром: основания для медикаментозного вмешательства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Subclinical hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome: reasons for drug intervention</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6762-5238</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руяткина</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruyatkina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larut@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-5943</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руяткин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruyatkin</surname><given-names>Dmitriy S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.м.н., доцент кафедры неотложной терапии с эндокринологией и профпатологией</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr79@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Руяткина Л.А., Руяткин Д.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Руяткина Л.А., Руяткин Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ruyatkina L.A., Ruyatkin D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12282">https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12282</self-uri><abstract><p>Высокая распространенность метаболического синдрома (МС) и субклинического гипотиреоза (СГипо) создает опасность интегрального кардиометаболического риска (КМР). Разрабатывается концепция о повышении уровней тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ) как компоненте МС с ключевой ролью инсулинорезистентности (ИР). Для выделения групп активного вмешательства анализируются дефиниции СГипо с возрастными и гендерными особенностями. Результаты рандомизированных клинических исследований показали более высокую встречаемость предиабета и сахарного диабета 2 типа (СД2) при СГипо, а также положительные ассоциации аутоиммунного тиреоидита (АИТ) с компонентами МС, особенно у женщин в постменопаузе. Анализируется ассоциация СГипо с системной воспалительной реакцией, что может определять повышение КМР. При этом большая часть дисфункции щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) и компонентов МС ассоциирована с ИР.</p><p>Дискутируется целесообразность терапии СГипо левотироксином: для инициации лечения не определены пороговые показатели TТГ; в пожилом возрасте вследствие снижения потребности в тиреоидных гормонах обсуждается увеличение верхнего референсного диапазона ТТГ; отсутствуют данные о снижении сердечно-сосудистого риска и смертности. Параллельно накоплены данные о снижении уровней ТТГ при явном и субклиническом гипотиреозе у пациентов с МС и СД2 на фоне терапии метформином. Предположено гендерное влияние метформина на активность оси гипоталамус-гипофиз-ЩЖ, раскрыт его новый антигипергликемический механизм действия, включающий активацию АМФ-протеинкиназы (adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase) в гипофизе.</p><p>Полагают, что метформин является перспективным терапевтическим средством не только для пациентов с СД2 и заболеваниями ЩЖ, но также МС и ожирением. Многоплановые возможности метформина, включая коррекцию периферической и центральной ИР и снижение уровней ТТГ при СГипо, подчеркивает комплексный подход к профилактике КМР. Форма метформина с пролонгированным высвобождением имеет ряд преимуществ: лучшая переносимость, большая эффективность в коррекции показателей ИР, липидного и углеводного обменов, дополнительное показание – лечение предиабета, возможность назначения при клиренсе креатинина до 30 мл/мин.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) creates danger of integral cardio-metabolic risk (CMR). A concept is being developed to increase thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as a component of MS with the key role of insulin resistance (IR). To identify groups of active intervention, the definitions of SHypo with age and gender characteristics are analyzed. The results of randomized clinical trials showed a higher incidence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in SHypo, as well as positive associations of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) with components of MS, especially in postmenopausal women. The association of SHypo with a systemic inflammatory response is analyzed, which can determine an increase in cardio-metabolic risk. At the same time, most of the thyroid dysfunction and the components of MS are associated with insulin resistance.</p><p>The feasibility of SHypo treating with levothyroxine is discussed: the threshold parameters of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are not determined for initiating treatment; in old age, due to a decrease in the need for thyroid hormones, an increase in the upper reference range of TSH is discussed; there is no evidence of a decrease in cardiovascular risk and mortality. In parallel, data have been accumulated on a decrease in TSH levels in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with MS and T2DM with metformin therapy. The gender effect of metformin on the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis was suggested, its new antihyperglycemic mechanism of action, including the activation of the AMP protein kinase (adenosine monophosphate (AMP) -activated protein kinase) in the pituitary gland, was revealed.</p><p>It is possible that metformin is a promising therapeutic agent not only for patients with type 2 diabetes and thyroid disease, but also for MS and obesity. The multifaceted capabilities of metformin, including the correction of peripheral and central insulin resistance and a decrease in TSH levels in patients with SHypo, emphasizes an integrated approach to the prevention of CMR. The prolonged release form of metformin has several advantages: better tolerance, greater efficiency in the correction of IR, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, additional indication - treatment of prediabetes, the possibility of prescribing for creatinine clearance up to 30 ml/min.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субклинический гипотиреоз</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>тиреотропный гормон</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>кардиометаболический риск</kwd><kwd>метформин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subclinical hypothyroidism</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>thyroid-stimulating hormone</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>cardio-metabolic risk</kwd><kwd>metformin</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">субклинический гипотиреоз, метаболический синдром, тиреотропный гормон, инсулиноре-зистентность, кардио-метаболический риск, метформин</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">subclinical hypothyroidism, metabolic syndrome, thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin resistance, cardio-metabolic risk, metformin</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Du F-M, Kuang H-Y, Duan B-H, et al. 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