ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet10331ometendo-10331Research ArticleОбзор литературыReviewОценка изменения длины теломер хромосом как критерий продолжительности жизни в бариатрической практикеThe evaluation of chromosome telomere length change as a criterion of life expectancy in bariatric practicehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6634-5728БекмурзиноваФарида КайратовнаBekmurzinovaFarida K.

клинический ординатор

resident

farida_1996_8@mail.ruОспановОрал БазарбаевичOspanovOral B.

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой лапароскопической и бариатрической хирургии

MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Laparoscopic and Bariatric Surgery

bariatric.kz@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-8355АкильжановаАйнур РахметуловнаAkilzhanovaAinur R.

д.м.н., профессор

MD, PhD, Professor

Akilzhanova@nu.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-7631КожамкуловУлан АнетовичKozhamkulovUlan A.

Кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Лаборатории геномной и персонализированной медицины

PhD, Leading Research Scientist Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine

Ulan.kozhamkulov@nu.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8245-2400РахимоваСауле ЕсламовнаRakhimovaSaule E.

Кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Лаборатории геномной и персонализированной медицины

MD, C.B.Sc., Leading researcher Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine 

Saule.rakhimova@nu.edu.kzОмский государственный медицинский университетРоссияOmsk State Medical UniversityRussian FederationМедицинский университет Астана; Лаборатория геномной и персонализированной медицины «Национальная Лаборатория Астана» Назарбаев УниверситетаКазахстанAstana Medical University; Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine «National Laboratory Astana» Nazarbayev UniversityKazakhstanЛаборатория геномной и персонализированной медицины «Национальная Лаборатория Астана» Назарбаев УниверситетаКазахстанLaboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine «National Laboratory Astana» Nazarbayev UniversityKazakhstan202021092020172125129Copyright © Бекмурзинова Ф.К., Оспанов О.Б., Акильжанова А.Р., Кожамкулов У.А., Рахимова С.Е., 20202020Бекмурзинова Ф.К., Оспанов О.Б., Акильжанова А.Р., Кожамкулов У.А., Рахимова С.Е.Bekmurzinova F.K., Ospanov O.B., Akilzhanova A.R., Kozhamkulov U.A., Rakhimova S.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10331

В последние десятилетия неуклонно растет распространенность ожирения в большинстве стран мира. Избыточная масса тела является фактором риска широкого спектра эндокринных, сердечно-сосудистых, желудочно-кишечных, метаболических, неопластических и мышечно-скелетных нарушений и заболеваний. Как известно, ожирение – это состояние хронического воспаления и сильного окислительного стресса, что непременно оказывает влияние на длину теломер хромосом. Динамика изменений длины теломер играет решающую роль в регуляции клеточных процессов и клеточных изменений. Повреждение теломер, структур хроматина, помогающих поддерживать стабильность генома, приводит к гибели клеток или к их старению. Однако сведения о том, как изменяется длина теломер после снижения массы тела посредством бариатрических операций, остаются до настоящего времени ограниченными. Существует несколько видов бариатрических операций, каждый из которых имеет свои преимущества и недостатки. Исходя из этого, возможно, восстановление длины теломер будет отличаться в зависимости от использованной методики. В данном обзоре литературы описываются механизмы укорочения длины теломер лейкоцитов и то, как на это могут повлиять бариатрические операции. Обзор также включает в себя анализ доказательств, связывающих ожирение и ускоренные процессы старения, поскольку они регулируются теломерами.

In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing in most countries of the world. Overweight is a risk factor for a wide range of endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, metabolic, neoplastic and musculoskeletal disorders and diseases. As you know, obesity is a state of chronic inflammation and severe oxidative stress, which will certainly affect the length of the chromosome telomeres. The dynamics of telomere length changes plays a decisive role in the regulation of cellular processes and cellular changes. Damage to telomeres, chromatin structures that help maintain the stability of the genome, leads to cell death or aging. However, information on how telomere length changes after weight loss through bariatric surgery remains limited to date. There are several types of bariatric surgery, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. Based on this, it is possible that the restoration of the telomere length will differ depending on the technique used. This review describes the mechanisms for shortening leukocyte telomeres, and how bariatric surgery can affect this. The review also includes an analysis of evidence linking obesity and accelerated aging processes, as they are regulated by telomeres.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.