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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ometendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ожирение и метаболизм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obesity and metabolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8713</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2306-5524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/omet10249</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ometendo-10249</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original paper</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Национальный опрос врачей по гипо-и гипернатриемии в условиях реальной клинической практики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National survey of doctors on hypo-and hypernatremia in the context of real clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-466X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пигарова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pigarova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kpigarova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-4619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзеранова</surname><given-names>Лариса Константиновна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzeranova</surname><given-names>Larisa K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzeranovalk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-9386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>Артем Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>Artem Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Начальник центра аккредитации и симуляционного обучения</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Accreditation and Simulation Training Center</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jukov.artem@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8175-7886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедов</surname><given-names>Иван Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedov</surname><given-names>Ivan I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dedov@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБУ &amp;laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&amp;raquo; Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology Research Centre&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБУ &amp;laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&amp;raquo; Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО &amp;laquo;Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова&amp;raquo; Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology Research Centre; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пигарова Е.А., Дзеранова Л.К., Жуков А.Ю., Дедов И.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пигарова Е.А., Дзеранова Л.К., Жуков А.Ю., Дедов И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pigarova E.A., Dzeranova L.K., Zhukov A.Y., Dedov I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10249">https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10249</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Распространенность вариантов диснатриемий колеблется в широких пределах (от 1 до 63%), и зависит от сопутствующих заболеваний, действия более 18 гормонов и гормоноподобных веществ, что подтверждает важность поддержания уровня натрия крови в жестком диапазоне и позволяет расценивать его отклонения как полноценную эндокринную патологию. Как гипо- так и гипернатриемия связаны с многократным повышением смертности, риска переломов, грубыми нарушениями баланса. При этом клинические проявления диснатриемий неспецифичны, отражают осмотически опосредованное снижение функций головного мозга, что может нередко пропускаться в клинической практике.</p><p>Цель исследования – изучить особенности диагностики, дифференциальной диагностики и лечения диснатриемических состояний врачами-специалистами методом социологического опроса.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено одномоментное социологическое неконтролируемое исследование методом анкетирования врачей по вопросам гипо- и гипернатриемии с помощью созданной на платформе Google forms онлайн-анкеты «Анкетирование по вопросам гипо- и гипернатриемии в клинической практике». Приглашение заполнить анкету было разослано по адресам, входившим в базу данных Российской ассоциации эндокринологов. Всего получено 353 заполненных анкеты.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлена низкая частота определения уровней натрия крови (менее 38% специалистов назначают определение натрия в более половине случаев), в т.ч. при заболеваниях, связанных с диснатриемией, что коррелирует с меньшим практическим опытом врачей. Подавляющее большинство эндокринологов (82%) в своей клинической практике встречается с отклонениями уровня натрия крови у пациентов, но только 6% признают владение компетенцией ведения пациентов с диснатриемией. Несоответствие нижней границы нормы 135-136 ммоль/л наблюдалось в 22% (62/278), несоответствие верхней границы нормы 145-146 ммоль/л – в 47% (131/278) лабораторий, а в 33% (41/278) лабораторий, которыми пользуются врачи, отмечалось несоответствие по обоим границам референтного интервала. Наличие гипертонического раствора (3%) натрия хлорида в лечебном учреждении отмечено только у 38% респондентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Имеется нефизиологический разброс в величине референтных интервалов для концентрации натрия крови в 55% лабораторий, выявлена низкая частота назначения уровня натрия в крови (в более чем половине клинических ситуаций определение натрия назначают только 38,2% врачей) и отсутствие образовательной компетенции ведения пациентов с синдромами гипо- и гипернатриемии у 94% эндокринологов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: The prevalence of dysnatremia varies widely (from 1 to 63%), and depends on comorbidities, the effects of more than 18 hormones and hormone-like substances, which confirms the importance of maintaining blood sodium levels in the tight physiologic range and makes it possible to consider its deviations as an endocrine pathology. Both hypo- and hypernatraemia are associated with a multiple increase in mortality, risk of fractures, and gross balance disturbances. At the same time, the clinical manifestations of dysnatremia are not specific, reflect an osmotically mediated decrease in brain function, which potentially may be missed in clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>AIMS</title><p>AIMS: to study the specifics of diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of dysnatremia states by specialist doctors using a sociological survey method.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional sociological uncontrolled study was conducted by questioning doctors about hypo- and hypernatremia using the online questionnaire “Questionnaire on hypo-and hypernatremia in clinical practice” created on the Google forms platform. The invitation to fill in the questionnaire was sent to the email addresses included in the database of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists. A total of 353 completed questionnaires were received.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: The poll demonstrated a low frequency of determining blood sodium levels - less than 38% of specialists prescribe sodium in more than half of the cases, including the cases of diseases associated with dysnatremia, which correlates with less practical experience of doctors. The overwhelming majority of endocrinologists (82%) in their clinical practice encounters deviations of the sodium levels in patients, but only 6% recognize the possession of the competence of managing patients with dysnatremia. The discrepancy between the lower limit of normal range to 135-136 mmol/l was observed in 22% (62/278), the inconsistency of the upper normal limit to 145-146 mmol/l - in 47% (131/278) of laboratories, and in 33% (41/278) laboratories, which are used by doctors, there was a discrepancy along both limits of the reference interval. The presence of a hypertonic solution (3%) of sodium chloride in a hospital was noted only by 38% of respondents.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: There is an unphysiological variation in reference intervals for blood sodium concentration in 55% of laboratories, a low frequency of sodium levels evaluation in the blood (in more than half of clinical situations only 38.2% of doctors prescribe the estimation of blood sodium level) and the lack of educational competence in managing patients with syndromes of hypo- and hypernatremia in 94% of endocrinologists.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>натрий</kwd><kwd>гипонатриемия</kwd><kwd>гипернатриемия</kwd><kwd>диснатриемия</kwd><kwd>центральный несахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>синдром неадекватной секреции антидиуретического гормона</kwd><kwd>социологический опрос</kwd><kwd>эндокринолог</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sodium</kwd><kwd>hyponatremia</kwd><kwd>hypernatremia</kwd><kwd>dysnatremia</kwd><kwd>central diabetes insipidus</kwd><kwd>syndrome of inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone</kwd><kwd>sociological survey</kwd><kwd>endocrinologist</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Go KG. 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