ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet10113ometendo-10113Research ArticleОбзор литературыReviewОжирение и репродуктивная функция у женщин: эпигенетические и сомато-психологические особенностиObesity and reproductive function of women: epigenetic and somato-psychological featureshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8425-0020АндрееваЕлена НиколаевнаAndreevaElena N.

д.м.н., профессор

MD, PhD, Professor

endogin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0696-5367АбсатароваЮлия СергеевнаAbsatarovaYulia S.

научный сотрудник

korsil2008@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7177-0254ШереметьеваЕкатерина ВикторовнаSheremetyevaEkaterina V.

врач эндокринолог-гинеколог отделения консультативно-диагностического центра

MD, PhD

s1981k@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0517-8687ФурсенкоВалентина АлексеевнаFursenkoValentina A.

аспирант

MD, postgraduate student

dr.v1@bk.ru<p>ФГБУ &laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&raquo; Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО &laquo;Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова&raquo; Минздрава России</p>Россия<p>Endocrinology Research Centre; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>Russian Federation<p>ФГБУ &laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&raquo; Минздрава России</p>Россия<p>Endocrinology Research Centre</p>Russian Federation201916092019162915Copyright &#x00A9; Андреева Е.Н., Абсатарова Ю.С., Шереметьева Е.В., Фурсенко В.А., 20192019Андреева Е.Н., Абсатарова Ю.С., Шереметьева Е.В., Фурсенко В.А.Andreeva E.N., Absatarova Y.S., Sheremetyeva E.V., Fursenko V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10113

В статье представлены данные о последствиях ожирения для женской репродуктивной системы и потомства матерей с избыточной массой тела или ожирением, таких как бесплодие, выкидыши, преждевременные роды, мертворождение, врожденные аномалии и недоношенность, а также высокий риск кесарева сечения. Ожирение сопутствует синдрому поликистозных яичников, ухудшая метаболический профиль и повышая риск развития депрессии и расстройства пищевого поведения. Ожирение и гипергликемия матери способны оказывать влияние на формирование плода путем эпигенетических механизмов без затрагивания нуклеотидных последовательностей. В дальнейшем у потомков матерей с ожирением или избыточной массой тела и гестационным сахарным диабетом повышаются метаболические и сердечно-сосудистые риски. Для пациенток с ожирением характерен дефицит фолиевой кислоты и недостаточность лютеиновой фазы. Экзогенное введение этих веществ способствует улучшению исходов беременности и профилактирует врожденные пороки развития.

The review article presents data on the effects of obesity on the female reproductive system and offspring of mothers with overweight or obesity, such as infertility, miscarriages, premature birth, stillbirth, congenital anomalies and prematurity, as well as a high risk of cesarean section. Obesity accompanies polycystic ovary syndrome, worsening the metabolic profile and increasing the risk of developing depression and eating disorders. Maternal obesity and hyperglycemia are able to influence the formation of the fetus by epigenetic mechanisms without affecting the nucleotide sequences. Subsequently, the metabolic and cardiovascular risks increase in the descendants of obese or overweight mothers and gestational diabetes. Patients with obesity are characterized by a folic acid deficiency and a deficiency of the luteal phase. Exogenous administration of these substances improves pregnancy outcomes and prevents congenital malformations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.