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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ometendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ожирение и метаболизм</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Obesity and metabolism</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8713</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2306-5524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/omet10022</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ometendo-10022</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original paper</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка когнитивных функций и метаболических параметров зрелых крыс-самцов линии Sprague-Dawley на фоне высококалорийной и гипокалорийной диеты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cognitive function and metabolic features in male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving high-fat and low-calorie diets</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6612-6851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., в.н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, leading research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katiashestakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-0934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ставровская</surname><given-names>Алла Вадимовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stavrovskaya</surname><given-names>Alla V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., в.н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, leading research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stavrovskaya.al@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3026-0279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гущина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gushchina</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastaisha-2015@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4387-2266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ямщикова</surname><given-names>Нина Гавриловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yamshikova</surname><given-names>Nina G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., в.н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, leading research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nyamshikova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-8032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанский</surname><given-names>Артем Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshansky</surname><given-names>Artyom S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Biology, senior research associate</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olshansky@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБУ &amp;laquo;Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии&amp;raquo; Минздрава России&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Endocrinology Research Centre&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;ФГБНУ &amp;laquo;Научный центр неврологии&amp;raquo;&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Research Center of Neurology&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шестакова Е.А., Ставровская А.В., Гущина А.С., Ямщикова Н.Г., Ольшанский А.С., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шестакова Е.А., Ставровская А.В., Гущина А.С., Ямщикова Н.Г., Ольшанский А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shestakova E.A., Stavrovskaya A.V., Gushchina A.S., Yamshikova N.G., Olshansky A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10022">https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10022</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Ожирение является фактором риска развития когнитивных расстройств. Однако неясно, приводит ли резкое ограничение калорийности пищи к улучшению когнитивных функций.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить когнитивные функции и метаболические параметры у крыс-самцов линии Sprague-Dawley на фоне высококалорийной и нормокалорийной (с переходом в гипокалорийную) диет.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Крысы-самцы линии Sprague-Dawley (n=32) были разделены на 2 группы по 16 особей в каждой: группа «контроль» получала нормокалорийную диету, группа «ожирение» – высококалорийную. Через 90 сут крысы группы «контроль» были переведены на гипокалорийную диету, крысы группы «ожирение» остались на высококалорийном питании. С целью оценки двигательной активности и когнитивных функций в конце исследования (на 180-е сутки) у животных обеих групп проведены поведенческие тесты: «открытое поле», «сужающаяся дорожка», «приподнятый крестообразный лабиринт» (ПКЛ) и условные реакции пассивного избегания (УРПИ). В ходе исследования проведено два глюкозотолерантных теста (ГТТ): исходно и через 30 сут.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. К концу исследования вес крыс группы «ожирение» значительно превышал вес контрольных животных (547,69±11,32 г против 442,8±19,8 г, р=0,0001). По результатам второго ГТТ крысы контрольной группы имели нормальные показали углеводного обмена, крысы группы «ожирение» – повышение уровня глюкозы в постпрандиальном периоде.</p><p>Тестирование в открытом поле показало, что крысы группы «ожирение» более активно перемещались по площади установки, чем контрольные: общая пройденная дистанция составила 9,352±0,932 м против 6,781±0,951 м, р=0,046.</p><p>При тестировании на установке «сужающаяся дорожка» число оступаний задними конечностями у крыс с ожирением значимо превышало аналогичный показатель у контрольных крыс (33,7±3 против 15,7±2,7, p=0,0001) при одинаковом времени выполнения теста.</p><p>При тестировании в ПКЛ статистически значимых различий по ключевым параметрам теста между группами не выявлено. Однако количество выглядываний из закрытого рукава у животных группы «ожирение» значительно выше, чем у группы «контроль» (4,19±0,6 против 2,30±0,58, р=0,044).</p><p>При тестировании воспроизведения УРПИ было показано, что через 1 сут после нанесения болевого раздражения латентный период перехода в темный отсек у крыс группы «ожирение» был значимо больше, чем у контрольных (180,0±0,0 против 128,86±21,45, р=0,008). Это свидетельствует о лучшем сохранении памятного следа по сравнению с «контрольными» крысами.</p><p>К концу исследования 30% животных на гипокалорийной диете погибли.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Крысы, получавшие высококалорийную диету, были более подвижны, менее тревожны и обладали лучшей способностью к обучению, чем животные на гипокалорийном питании. Длительное следование гипокалорийной диете может негативно сказываться на когнитивных функциях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: Obesity is a risk factor for cognitive disorders. However, it is still unknown whether low-calorie diet will improve cognitive function in obese patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To evaluate cognitive function and metabolic features in male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving high-fat and low-calorie diets.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The work was carried out on Sprague Dawley male rats (n = 32), which were divided into 2 groups with 16 animals in each group: Control (normal / low-calorie diet) and Obesity (high-fat diet). In 90 days the rats of the Control group were transferred to a low-calorie diet, the rats of the Obesity group continued to receive high-fat diet. To assess motor activity and cognitive functions at the end of the study (180 days), following behavioral tests were conducted: "open field", "tapering beam", "elevated plus-maze" (EPM) and "passive avoidance reaction". During the study glucose tolerance test were performed: at baseline (GTT 1) and in 30 days (GTT 2).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Obesity group rats gained weight significantly faster than the control animals (547.69 ± 11.32 g against 442.8 ± 19.8 g at study end, p = 0.0001). GTT 2 showed normal carbohydrate metabolism in control group, postprandial hyperglycemia in obesity group. Testing in the open field showed that the rats of the obesity group moved more actively across the installation area than the control ones: the total distance covered was 9.352 ± 0.932 m against 6.781 ± 0.951 m, p = 0.046.</p><p>The results of a tapering beam test showed that the number of hind limb extrusions in obese rats significantly exceeded this parameter in control group (33.7 ± 3 vs. 15.7 ± 2.7, p = 0.0001), test time in both groups did not differ.</p><p>When testing in EPM, there was no significant difference in any of the key test parameters between the groups. However, the number of looking out from the closed arms in animals of the obesity group was significantly higher than in the control group (4.19 ± 0.6 vs. 2.30 ± 0.58, p = 0.044). When testing the reproduction of conditional reactions of passive avoidance it was shown that after day 1 of the pain stimulation application the latent period of transition to the dark compartment in the obesity group was significantly higher than that of the control group (180.0 ± 0.0 vs. 128 86 ± 21.45, p = 0.008). This indicates a better preservation of the memorial trail compared to the "control" rats. By the end of the study 30% of animals in the control group died.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: Rats on high-fat diet were more active, less anxious and showed better results in training tests comparing to animals on low-calorie diet. Adherence to low-calorie diet may be harmful for cognitive functions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>когнитивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>голод</kwd><kwd>диета</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>cognitive disorders</kwd><kwd>starvation</kwd><kwd>diet</kwd><kwd>rat</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">gks.ru [интернет]. Демография [доступ от 03.12.2018]. Доступ по ссылке: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/population/demography/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">gks.ru [интернет]. Демография [доступ от 03.12.2018]. 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