ometendoОжирение и метаболизмObesity and metabolism2071-87132306-5524Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/omet10015ometendo-10015Research ArticleОбзор литературыReviewВлияние сменного графика работы на показатели метаболического здоровьяThe influence of shift work on metabolic healthhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-0981ЦветковаЕвдокия СергеевнаTsvetkovaEvdokiia S.

врач-эндокринолог, аспирант кафедры эндокринологии № 1

MD, postgraduate student

evatsvetkova.md@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3870-6394РоманцоваТатьяна ИвановнаRomantsovaTatiana I.

врач-эндокринолог, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры эндокринологии № 1

MD, PhD, professor

romantsovatatiana@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2144-8595РуноваГюзель ЕвгеньевнаRunovaGuzel E.

врач-эндокринолог, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры эндокринологии № 1

MD, PhD, assistant

guzelvolkova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-169XБеляевНикита СергеевичBeliaevNikita S.

ординатор кафедры эндокринологии № 1

MD, resident

nikitabeliaev94@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-2352ГольдшмидАнна ЕфимовнаGoldshmidAnna E.

ординатор кафедры эндокринологии № 1

MD, resident

goldsmid93@gmail.comФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian Federation2019211220191631119Copyright © Цветкова Е.С., Романцова Т.И., Рунова Г.Е., Беляев Н.С., Гольдшмид А.Е., 20192019Цветкова Е.С., Романцова Т.И., Рунова Г.Е., Беляев Н.С., Гольдшмид А.Е.Tsvetkova E.S., Romantsova T.I., Runova G.E., Beliaev N.S., Goldshmid A.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.omet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10015

В последнее время в мировой литературе активно обсуждается влияние нарушений циркадианных ритмов и сна на показатели метаболического здоровья человека. Одной из наиболее социально значимых причин циркадианных нарушений является сменный график работы. Сменные рабочие графики стали встречаться чаще из-за высокого спроса на гибкость и производительность труда в современном обществе. Посменная работа характерна для медицинского персонала, сотрудников правоохранительных органов, спасательных служб, транспортной сферы, средств массовой информации и др. Работающие посменно составляют около 17% всех работающих в Европе. В глобальном масштабе посменно работают приблизительно 2,5 млрд человек.

Сменная работа была идентифицирована как важный профессиональный риск, в частности, доказана связь работы с ротацией дневных и ночных смен с избыточным весом и ожирением, с нарушениями циркадианных ритмов и сна. В обзоре систематизирована информация, касающаяся роли посменного графика в развитии ожирения и метаболического синдрома, рассмотрены механизмы, опосредующие его влияние на регуляцию энергобаланса.

Recently, the world literature has been actively discussing the effect of circadian rhythm and sleep disturbances on human metabolic health. One of the most socially significant causes of circadian disorders is the shift work schedule. Shift work schedules began to occur more often due to the high demand for flexibility and labor productivity in modern society. Shift work is characteristic of medical personnel, law enforcement officials, rescue services, transport, the media and others. Shift workers make up about 17% of all workers in Europe. Globally, approximately 2.5 billion people work in shifts. Shift work was identified as an important professional risk. The connection between work with rotation of day and night shifts with overweight and obesity, with circadian rhythms and sleep disorders was proved. The review systematizes information regarding the role of the shift chart in the development of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, and considers mechanisms that mediate its effect on the regulation of energy balance.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.